Is Erythorbic Acid safe in cosmetics?
Erythorbic Acid has a safety rating of "GOOD" in our database. EU status: permitted. US status: permitted. 4 toxicological study endpoint(s) are available in our database.
Erythorbic Acid
Also known as: D-erythro-Hex-2-enonic acid, .gamma.-lactone, 5-18-05-00026, D-erythro-Ascorbic acid, D-ASCORBIC ACID, ISO, BRN 0084271 (+11 more)
INCI: ERYTHORBIC ACID
Erythorbic Acid (CAS 89-65-6) is a cosmetic cosmetic ingredient functioning as Antioxidant. NOAEL 650 mg/kg bw/day (cross-referenced against ToxValDB ECHA IUCLID); EU Regulation 1223/2009 status: permitted. Industrial safety data is also available in the chemical safety database. Same-CAS public records also appear in industrial chemical safety and pharmaceutical data.
View industrial chemical safety profile for CAS 89-65-6 →
Auto-generated CPSR Part A draft with source citations
Function
Antioxidant
Safety Rating
GOOD
Chemistry & Identifiers
IUPAC Name
(2R)-2-[(1R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3,4-dihydroxy-2H-furan-5-one
InChIKey
CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-DUZGATOHSA-N
Regulatory Status
EU EU Status
permitted
US US Status
permitted
US Notes
GRAS as food preservative under 21 CFR 182.3041; CIR reaffirmed safe as used in 2022; leave-on ≤0.1%, rinse-off ≤0.7%
For full compliance data across multiple jurisdictions, use the Substance Compliance tool.
Safety Data
Margin of Safety, dermal absorption, and sensitization profile summaries for Erythorbic Acid.
Calculate MoS for your specific formulation with the MoS Calculator.
Toxicological Studies
4 study endpoints found for Erythorbic Acid. NOAEL (No Observed Adverse Effect Level) values are used to calculate the Margin of Safety per SCCS methodology.
| Endpoint | Value | Route | Species | Study Type | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NOAEL | 500 mg/kg bw/day | oral | rat | Chronic | COSMOS_DB |
| NOAEL | 1000 mg/kg bw/day | oral | dog | Chronic | COSMOS_DB |
| NOAEL | 2500 mg/kg bw/day | oral | rat | Carcinogenicity | COSMOS_DB |
| NOAEL | 5000 mg/kg bw/day | oral | rat | Subchronic | COSMOS_DB |
Pre-Calculated Safety Assessment
Pre-calculated NOAEL → SED → MoS audit trail for Erythorbic Acid across SCCS product categories, with measured dermal absorption where available.
EPA ToxValDB — Toxicity Values
4 toxicity values from EPA ToxValDB (aggregated from CCTE, HPV, ToxRefDB, IRIS, and other regulatory dossiers).
| Endpoint | Value | Species | Route | Duration | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NOAEL | =650 mg/kg-day | Rat | oral | chronic | EFSA |
| NOEL | =2000 mg/kg-day | Mouse | oral | acute | ECOTOX |
| LD50 | =8300 mg/kg | Mouse | oral | - | ChemIDplus |
| LD50 | =18000 mg/kg | Rat | oral | - | ChemIDplus |
ECHA REACH Registration
European Chemicals Agency REACH dossier and Substances of Very High Concern listing.
Registration Type
Full
Tonnage Band
100 - 1,000 tonnes
Substance Type
SUBSTANCE
SVHC Candidate
No
Additional Ingredient Properties
1 property record from structured ingredient metadata.
self_tanning
{"cas_number": "89-65-6", "ingredient_class": "other", "tanning_mechanism": "other", "color_development_onset_hours": "0.0", "full_color_development_hours": "0", "color_duration_days": "0", "DHA_concentration_if_applicable_pct": "0", "erythrulose_concentration_pct": "0", "pH_dependent_color": "no", "formaldehyde_release_concern": "no", "formaldehyde_release_ppm": "0", "AGE_formation_concern": "no"…
PubChem Annotations
Safety and regulatory annotations from PubChem (NCBI) aggregated sources.
Regulatory (2)
JECFA Evaluation
D-ARABOASCORBIC ACID | 1990 | NOT SPECIFIED | TRS 806-JECFA 37/9 | FAS 28-JECFA 37/29
Source: Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA)
EU Food Improvement
Food additives
Source: EU Food Improvement Agents
Function Categories & List Membership
Cosmetic/Chemical Function Categories
Antioxidant
Biocide
Chemical reaction regulator
Dye
Flavouring and nutrient
Food preservative
Fragrance
Regulatory List Membership (1)
FDA Substances Added to Food (EAFUS)
Expert Verdict
Expert safety assessment and concern-level summary for Erythorbic Acid.
Regulatory Flags
antioxidant
synthetic
hair-dye-use
gras-food
cir-reviewed
d-stereoisomer
fermentation-derived
fda_food_additive
jecfa_safe
NOAEL Studies Summary
View details ->Public NOAEL study rows linked to Erythorbic Acid by CAS number or substance name.
Studies
4
Lowest NOAEL
500 mg/kg bw/day
Highest NOAEL
5000 mg/kg bw/day
COSMOS_DB
Known Synonyms
D-erythro-Hex-2-enonic acid, .gamma.-lactone
5-18-05-00026
D-erythro-Ascorbic acid
D-ASCORBIC ACID, ISO
BRN 0084271
EINECS 201-928-0
Erythroascorbic acid, D-
FEMA No. 2410
FEMA Number: 2410
Hex-2-enonic acid gamma-lactone, D-erythro-
D-erythro-3-Ketohexonic acid lactone
3-Keto-D-erythro-hexonic acid gamma-lactone
D-erythro-3-Oxohexonic acid lactone
3-Oxohexonic acid lactone, D-erythro-
UNII-311332OII1
D-erythro-hex-2-enonic acid gamma-lactone
Chemical Function
Antioxidant
Fragrance
Chemical reaction regulator
Biocide
Flavouring and nutrient
Dye
Food preservative
Regulatory Lists
inert_ingredient; non_food_use; Pesticides
animal_products
food_additive; Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS) (2/2019)
fracking; water
Australian Status
AICIS status: listed
Cross-Vertical Safety Context
Same-CAS public records found in pharmaceutical data.
SOURCE
ChEMBL / DrugCentral / FAERS
DB_PHARMA CAS match
Pharmaceutical Data
Same-CAS rows from the pharmaceutical spoke database.
ChEMBL ID
CHEMBL486293
Frequently Asked Questions
Is Erythorbic Acid allowed in the EU?
Erythorbic Acid EU regulatory status: permitted. This is based on EU Regulation 1223/2009 and its amendments.
What does Erythorbic Acid do in cosmetics?
Erythorbic Acid functions as: Antioxidant. It is classified as a cosmetic ingredient in our database. CAS number: 89-65-6.
What is the NOAEL for Erythorbic Acid?
The NOAEL (No Observed Adverse Effect Level) for Erythorbic Acid is 500 mg/kg bw/day based on a Chronic study via oral route in rat. A total of 4 study endpoints are available. Source: COSMOS_DB.
Is Erythorbic Acid used outside cosmetics?
Erythorbic Acid also appears in industrial chemical safety and pharmaceutical data. The cross-vertical cards on this page render same-CAS public rows from the matched databases.
Compliance Tools
Check Erythorbic Acid compliance across multiple jurisdictions:
Ingredient Decoder
Paste a full ingredient list for instant analysis
82 Allergen Checker
Check for EU declarable fragrance allergens
Substance Compliance
Check compliance across multiple jurisdictions
MoS Calculator
Calculate Margin of Safety using SCCS methodology
Heavy Metal Limits
Compare limits across jurisdictions
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