NOAEL Studies Cosmetic Ingredient

Isobutyric Acid NOAEL Studies

INCI: ISOBUTYRIC ACID

CAS: 79-31-2

Raw No Observed Adverse Effect Level endpoint records grouped by source. This page does not render calculated Margin of Safety values.

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EFSA 16 endpoints
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
EFSA NOAEL =50 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral: gavage 730 days chronic/long term toxicity EFSA FEEDAP - 2012 - OutputID 615 - body weight - systemic - Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of branched-chain primary aliphatic alcohols/aldehydes/acids, acetals and esters with esters containing branched-chain alcohols and acetals containing branched-chain aldehydes (chemical group 2) when used as flavourings for all animal species - doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2927
EFSA NOAEL =125 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral: gavage 90 days subchronic EFSA FEEDAP - 2012 - OutputID 615 - gross pathology - systemic - Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of branched-chain primary aliphatic alcohols/aldehydes/acids, acetals and esters with esters containing branched-chain alcohols and acetals containing branched-chain aldehydes (chemical group 2) when used as flavourings for all animal species - doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2927
EFSA NOAEL >219 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral: unspecified 90 days subchronic EFSA FEEDAP - 2012 - OutputID 615 - no adverse effect observed at single/highest dose - Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of branched-chain primary aliphatic alcohols/aldehydes/acids, acetals and esters with esters containing branched-chain alcohols and acetals containing branched-chain aldehydes (chemical group 2) when used as flavourings for all animal species - doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2927
EFSA NOAEL >300 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral: feed 90 days subchronic EFSA FEEDAP - 2012 - OutputID 615 - no adverse effect observed at single/highest dose - Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of branched-chain primary aliphatic alcohols/aldehydes/acids, acetals and esters with esters containing branched-chain alcohols and acetals containing branched-chain aldehydes (chemical group 2) when used as flavourings for all animal species - doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2927
EFSA NOAEL =340 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral: drinking water 90 days subchronic EFSA FEEDAP - 2012 - OutputID 615 - haematology - hemopoietic - Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of branched-chain primary aliphatic alcohols/aldehydes/acids, acetals and esters with esters containing branched-chain alcohols and acetals containing branched-chain aldehydes (chemical group 2) when used as flavourings for all animal species - doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2927
EFSA NOAEL >1000 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral: gavage 119 days chronic/long term toxicity EFSA FEEDAP - 2012 - OutputID 615 - no adverse effect observed at single/highest dose - Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of branched-chain primary aliphatic alcohols/aldehydes/acids, acetals and esters with esters containing branched-chain alcohols and acetals containing branched-chain aldehydes (chemical group 2) when used as flavourings for all animal species - doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2927
EFSA NOAEL >1450 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral: drinking water 90 days subchronic EFSA FEEDAP - 2012 - OutputID 615 - no adverse effect observed at single/highest dose - Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of branched-chain primary aliphatic alcohols/aldehydes/acids, acetals and esters with esters containing branched-chain alcohols and acetals containing branched-chain aldehydes (chemical group 2) when used as flavourings for all animal species - doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2927
EFSA NOAEL >2500 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral: feed 90 days subchronic EFSA FEEDAP - 2012 - OutputID 615 - no adverse effect observed at single/highest dose - Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of branched-chain primary aliphatic alcohols/aldehydes/acids, acetals and esters with esters containing branched-chain alcohols and acetals containing branched-chain aldehydes (chemical group 2) when used as flavourings for all animal species - doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2927
EFSA NOAEL =50 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral chronic; 2 years chronic LONG_REF=EFSA FEEDAP (2012). Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of branched-chain primary aliphatic alcohols/aldehydes/acids, acetals and esters with esters containing branched-chain alcohols and acetals containing branched-chain aldehydes (chemical group 2) when used as flavourings for all animal species. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2927.; TITLE=Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of branched-chain primary aliphatic alcohols/aldehydes/acids, acetals and esters with esters containing branched-chain alcohols and acetals containing branched-chain aldehydes (chemical group 2) when used as flavourings for all animal species; AUTHOR=EFSA FEEDAP; DOI=doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2927; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/65201d30e4b0f0a60ddd1165; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://zenodo.org/record/5076033#.Y9fEoXbMI2z; YEAR=2012; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2012; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=body weight; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=body weight; STUDY_GROUP=EFSA:15614547:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_adc7a07355deddfb07bf9966fb956f90
EFSA NOAEL =125 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral subchronic; 90 days subchronic LONG_REF=EFSA FEEDAP (2012). Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of branched-chain primary aliphatic alcohols/aldehydes/acids, acetals and esters with esters containing branched-chain alcohols and acetals containing branched-chain aldehydes (chemical group 2) when used as flavourings for all animal species. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2927.; TITLE=Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of branched-chain primary aliphatic alcohols/aldehydes/acids, acetals and esters with esters containing branched-chain alcohols and acetals containing branched-chain aldehydes (chemical group 2) when used as flavourings for all animal species; AUTHOR=EFSA FEEDAP; DOI=doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2927; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/65201d30e4b0f0a60ddd1165; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://zenodo.org/record/5076033#.Y9fEoXbMI2z; YEAR=2012; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2012; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=gross pathology; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=gross pathology; STUDY_GROUP=EFSA:15614548:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_a387bfd3c2a10ae26b0bf236d9640231
EFSA NOAEL >219 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral subchronic; 90 days subchronic LONG_REF=EFSA FEEDAP (2012). Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of branched-chain primary aliphatic alcohols/aldehydes/acids, acetals and esters with esters containing branched-chain alcohols and acetals containing branched-chain aldehydes (chemical group 2) when used as flavourings for all animal species. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2927.; TITLE=Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of branched-chain primary aliphatic alcohols/aldehydes/acids, acetals and esters with esters containing branched-chain alcohols and acetals containing branched-chain aldehydes (chemical group 2) when used as flavourings for all animal species; AUTHOR=EFSA FEEDAP; DOI=doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2927; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/65201d30e4b0f0a60ddd1165; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://zenodo.org/record/5076033#.Y9fEoXbMI2z; YEAR=2012; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2012; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=no effects; STUDY_GROUP=EFSA:15614551:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_66fb6db456ac020fa8ce56ca26a3fd29
EFSA NOAEL >300 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral subchronic; 90 days subchronic LONG_REF=EFSA FEEDAP (2012). Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of branched-chain primary aliphatic alcohols/aldehydes/acids, acetals and esters with esters containing branched-chain alcohols and acetals containing branched-chain aldehydes (chemical group 2) when used as flavourings for all animal species. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2927.; TITLE=Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of branched-chain primary aliphatic alcohols/aldehydes/acids, acetals and esters with esters containing branched-chain alcohols and acetals containing branched-chain aldehydes (chemical group 2) when used as flavourings for all animal species; AUTHOR=EFSA FEEDAP; DOI=doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2927; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/65201d30e4b0f0a60ddd1165; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://zenodo.org/record/5076033#.Y9fEoXbMI2z; YEAR=2012; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2012; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=no effects; STUDY_GROUP=EFSA_dup_-_15614549_15614550:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_a9563d39b92af5e77d0c537252562971
EFSA NOAEL =340 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral subchronic; 90 days subchronic LONG_REF=EFSA FEEDAP (2012). Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of branched-chain primary aliphatic alcohols/aldehydes/acids, acetals and esters with esters containing branched-chain alcohols and acetals containing branched-chain aldehydes (chemical group 2) when used as flavourings for all animal species. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2927.; TITLE=Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of branched-chain primary aliphatic alcohols/aldehydes/acids, acetals and esters with esters containing branched-chain alcohols and acetals containing branched-chain aldehydes (chemical group 2) when used as flavourings for all animal species; AUTHOR=EFSA FEEDAP; DOI=doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2927; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/65201d30e4b0f0a60ddd1165; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://zenodo.org/record/5076033#.Y9fEoXbMI2z; YEAR=2012; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2012; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=hematological; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=hematology; STUDY_GROUP=EFSA_dup_-_15614544_15614545:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_665f4815c3dc83cbe556b2581c16e9fc
EFSA NOAEL >1000 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral chronic; 17 weeks chronic LONG_REF=EFSA FEEDAP (2012). Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of branched-chain primary aliphatic alcohols/aldehydes/acids, acetals and esters with esters containing branched-chain alcohols and acetals containing branched-chain aldehydes (chemical group 2) when used as flavourings for all animal species. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2927.; TITLE=Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of branched-chain primary aliphatic alcohols/aldehydes/acids, acetals and esters with esters containing branched-chain alcohols and acetals containing branched-chain aldehydes (chemical group 2) when used as flavourings for all animal species; AUTHOR=EFSA FEEDAP; DOI=doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2927; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/65201d30e4b0f0a60ddd1165; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://zenodo.org/record/5076033#.Y9fEoXbMI2z; YEAR=2012; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2012; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=no effects; STUDY_GROUP=EFSA:15614546:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_f5ccf92a70213569e7e8796905efef0b
EFSA NOAEL >1450 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral subchronic; 90 days subchronic LONG_REF=EFSA FEEDAP (2012). Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of branched-chain primary aliphatic alcohols/aldehydes/acids, acetals and esters with esters containing branched-chain alcohols and acetals containing branched-chain aldehydes (chemical group 2) when used as flavourings for all animal species. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2927.; TITLE=Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of branched-chain primary aliphatic alcohols/aldehydes/acids, acetals and esters with esters containing branched-chain alcohols and acetals containing branched-chain aldehydes (chemical group 2) when used as flavourings for all animal species; AUTHOR=EFSA FEEDAP; DOI=doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2927; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/65201d30e4b0f0a60ddd1165; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://zenodo.org/record/5076033#.Y9fEoXbMI2z; YEAR=2012; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2012; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=no effects; STUDY_GROUP=EFSA_dup_-_15614544_15614545:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_aa9ec1baa09e6136bdf22e20268a805d
EFSA NOAEL >2500 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral subchronic; 90 days subchronic LONG_REF=EFSA FEEDAP (2012). Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of branched-chain primary aliphatic alcohols/aldehydes/acids, acetals and esters with esters containing branched-chain alcohols and acetals containing branched-chain aldehydes (chemical group 2) when used as flavourings for all animal species. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2927.; TITLE=Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of branched-chain primary aliphatic alcohols/aldehydes/acids, acetals and esters with esters containing branched-chain alcohols and acetals containing branched-chain aldehydes (chemical group 2) when used as flavourings for all animal species; AUTHOR=EFSA FEEDAP; DOI=doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2927; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/65201d30e4b0f0a60ddd1165; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://zenodo.org/record/5076033#.Y9fEoXbMI2z; YEAR=2012; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2012; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=no effects; STUDY_GROUP=EFSA_dup_-_15614549_15614550:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_1d5c5d6d2c50e63616cc1a04c5aa77fa
NTP ICE acute oral 4 endpoints
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
NTP ICE acute oral LD50 =266 mg/kg bw Rat oral acute Rat Acute Oral Toxicity NLM Hazardous Substances Data Bank (undated); record_id=acute_oral_10488; row=7053; data_type=In Vivo; mixture=Chemical; chemical_name=2-Methylpropanoic acid; preferred_name=2-Methylpropanoic acid; dtxsid=DTXSID4021636; url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/; url_comptox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID4021636; source_file=acute_oral.xlsx
NTP ICE acute oral LD50 =280 mg/kg bw Rat oral acute Rat Acute Oral Toxicity NLM Hazardous Substances Data Bank (undated); record_id=acute_oral_10615; row=7054; data_type=In Vivo; mixture=Chemical; chemical_name=2-Methylpropanoic acid; preferred_name=2-Methylpropanoic acid; dtxsid=DTXSID4021636; url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/; url_comptox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID4021636; source_file=acute_oral.xlsx
NTP ICE acute oral LD50 =2230 mg/kg bw Rat oral acute Rat Acute Oral Toxicity OECD eChemPortal (undated); record_id=acute_oral_10617; row=7051; data_type=In Vivo; mixture=Chemical; chemical_name=2-Methylpropanoic acid; preferred_name=2-Methylpropanoic acid; dtxsid=DTXSID4021636; url=https://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/; url_comptox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID4021636; source_file=acute_oral.xlsx
NTP ICE acute oral LD50 =2518 mg/kg bw Rat oral acute Rat Acute Oral Toxicity NLM Hazardous Substances Data Bank (undated); record_id=acute_oral_10620; row=7052; data_type=In Vivo; mixture=Chemical; chemical_name=2-Methylpropanoic acid; preferred_name=2-Methylpropanoic acid; dtxsid=DTXSID4021636; url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/; url_comptox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID4021636; source_file=acute_oral.xlsx
ToxValDB DOE Protective Action Criteria 1 endpoint
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
ToxValDB DOE Protective Action Criteria LEL =72070.7 mg/m3 Human inhalation - acute LONG_REF=U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Protective Action Criteria (PAC). 2023. PAC Chemical Database. Updated 11 October 2023. Available: https://edms3.energy.gov/pac/ (Accessed November 16, 2023); TITLE=U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Protective Action Criteria (PAC) Chemical Database; AUTHOR=U.S. Department of Energy; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/65428efee4b045b9ff7cc432; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://edms3.energy.gov/pac/TeelDocs; YEAR=2011; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2011; STUDY_GROUP=DOE Protective Action Criteria:15516363:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_4c9f5c02b491cd40c7bb594e0902e368
ToxValDB GESTIS DNEL 1 endpoint
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
ToxValDB GESTIS DNEL DNEL systemic =184 mg/m3 Human inhalation - Toxicity Value STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6543dd69e4b045b9ff7cd87e; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-dnel-liste/index-2.jsp; STUDY_GROUP=GESTIS DNEL:15632838:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_9920e9badfac8d7c4e5c09c2a5a8f7dd
openFDA substances 4 endpoints
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
openFDA substances FDA UNII substance identifier 8LL210O1U0 UNII - - - chemical {"approval_status":null,"molecular_formula":"C4H8O2","source_table":"substance_identifiers_fda","substance_class":"chemical","unii_code":"8LL210O1U0"}
openFDA substances FDA UNII substance identifier 8LL210O1U0 UNII - - - chemical {"approval_status":null,"molecular_formula":"C4H8O2","source_table":"substance_identifiers_fda","substance_class":"chemical","unii_code":"8LL210O1U0"}
openFDA substances FDA UNII substance identifier 8LL210O1U0 UNII - - - chemical {"approval_status":null,"molecular_formula":"C4H8O2","source_table":"substance_identifiers_fda","substance_class":"chemical","unii_code":"8LL210O1U0"}
openFDA substances FDA UNII substance identifier 8LL210O1U0 UNII - - - chemical {"approval_status":null,"molecular_formula":"C4H8O2","source_table":"substance_identifiers_fda","substance_class":"chemical","unii_code":"8LL210O1U0"}