NOAEL Studies Cosmetic Ingredient

Furfural NOAEL Studies

INCI: FURFURAL

CAS: 98-01-1

Raw No Observed Adverse Effect Level endpoint records grouped by source. This page does not render calculated Margin of Safety values.

COSMOS_DB 12 endpoints
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
COSMOS_DB LOAEL 30 mg/kg bw/day rat oral 2 year Chronic PAFA; NTP TR 382 (NIH PBL 90-2837)
COSMOS_DB LOAEL 90 mg/kg bw/day rat oral 90 day Subchronic REACH
COSMOS_DB LOAEL 11 mg/kg bw/day rat oral 90 day Subchronic REACH
COSMOS_DB NOAEL 500 mg/kg bw/day rat oral 728 day Carcinogenicity US FDA CFSAN PAFA; US FDA CFSAN PAFA Study
COSMOS_DB NOAEL 25 mg/kg bw/day rat oral 35 day Short Term Toxicity US FDA CFSAN PAFA; US FDA CFSAN PAFA Study
COSMOS_DB NOAEL 240 mg/kg bw/day rat oral 16 day Short Term Toxicity US FDA CFSAN PAFA; US FDA CFSAN PAFA Study
COSMOS_DB NOAEL 400 mg/kg bw/day mouse oral 16 day Short Term Toxicity US FDA CFSAN PAFA; US FDA CFSAN PAFA Study
COSMOS_DB NOAEL 180 mg/kg bw/day rat oral 91 day Subchronic US FDA CFSAN PAFA; US FDA CFSAN PAFA Study
COSMOS_DB NOAEL 600 mg/kg bw/day mouse oral 91 day Subchronic US FDA CFSAN PAFA; US FDA CFSAN PAFA Study
COSMOS_DB NOAEL 60 mg/kg bw/day rat oral 721 day Carcinogenicity US FDA CFSAN PAFA; US FDA CFSAN PAFA Study
COSMOS_DB NOAEL 175 mg/kg bw/day mouse oral 721 day Carcinogenicity US FDA CFSAN PAFA; US FDA CFSAN PAFA Study
COSMOS_DB NOAEL 120 mg/kg bw/day rat oral 28 day Short Term Toxicity US FDA CFSAN PAFA; US FDA CFSAN PAFA Study
EFSA_OpenFoodTox_EFSA_ReferencePoints.xlsx 4 endpoints
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
EFSA_OpenFoodTox_EFSA_ReferencePoints.xlsx NOEL =54 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral: feed 90 days subchronic EFSA AFC - 2004 - OutputID 2248 - haematology - hepatotoxicity - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food on a request from the Commission related to Furfural and Furfural Diethylacetal - doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2004.67
EFSA_OpenFoodTox_EFSA_ReferencePoints.xlsx NOEL =53 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral: feed 91 days subchronic EFSA AFC - 2009 - OutputID 2265 - Flavouring Group Evaluation 66 (FGE.66)1: Consideration of furfuryl alcohol and related flavouring substances evaluated by JECFA (55th meeting) structurally related to Furfuryl and furan derivatives with and without additional side chain substituents and heteroatoms evaluated by EFSA in FGE.13 (2005) - doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2009.752
EFSA_OpenFoodTox_EFSA_ReferencePoints.xlsx NOEL =54 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral: feed 90 days subchronic EFSA AFC - 2004 - OutputID 2248 - haematology - hepatotoxicity - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food on a request from the Commission related to Furfural and Furfural Diethylacetal - doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2004.67
EFSA_OpenFoodTox_EFSA_ReferencePoints.xlsx NOEL =53 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral: feed 91 days subchronic EFSA AFC - 2009 - OutputID 2265 - Flavouring Group Evaluation 66 (FGE.66)1: Consideration of furfuryl alcohol and related flavouring substances evaluated by JECFA (55th meeting) structurally related to Furfuryl and furan derivatives with and without additional side chain substituents and heteroatoms evaluated by EFSA in FGE.13 (2005) - doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2009.752
EFSA_OpenFoodTox_EFSA_ReferenceValues.xlsx 4 endpoints
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
EFSA_OpenFoodTox_EFSA_ReferenceValues.xlsx ADI =0.5 mg/kg bw/day Consumers - - ADI EFSA AFC - 2004 - OutputID 2248 - Consumers - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food on a request from the Commission related to Furfural and Furfural Diethylacetal - doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2004.67
EFSA_OpenFoodTox_EFSA_ReferenceValues.xlsx ADI =0.5 mg/kg bw/day Consumers - - ADI EFSA AFC - 2004 - OutputID 2248 - Consumers - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food on a request from the Commission related to Furfural and Furfural Diethylacetal - doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2004.67
EFSA_OpenFoodTox_EFSA_ReferenceValues.xlsx ADI (group) =0.5 mg/kg bw/day Consumers - - ADI (group) EFSA FEEDAP - 2016 - OutputID 2768 - Consumers - Safety and efficacy of furfuryl and furan derivatives belonging to chemical group 14 when used as flavourings for all animal species and categories - doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2016.4389
EFSA_OpenFoodTox_EFSA_ReferenceValues.xlsx ADI (group) =0.5 mg/kg bw/day Consumers - - ADI (group) EFSA FEEDAP - 2016 - OutputID 2768 - Consumers - Safety and efficacy of furfuryl and furan derivatives belonging to chemical group 14 when used as flavourings for all animal species and categories - doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2016.4389
EPA_IRIS_iris_rfd_systems.csv 2 endpoints
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
EPA_IRIS_iris_rfd_systems.csv LOAEL =7.9 mg/kg/day - oral chronic IRIS chronic oral RfD system PoD row_hash=fc76ac3fad8a3d09; file=iris_rfd_systems.csv; kind=point_of_departure; raw_column=point_of_departure; raw_value=LOAEL : 7.9 mg/kg-day; system=Hepatic; basis=Mild hepatocellular vacuolization; point_of_departure=LOAEL : 7.9 mg/kg-day; composite_uf=3000; confidence=Low; dtxsid=DTXSID1020647; detail_url=https://iris.epa.gov/ChemicalLanding/&substance_nmbr=317; rfd_last_updated=09/07/1988; rfd_pdf_url=https://iris.epa.gov/static/pdfs/0317_summary.pdf
EPA_IRIS_iris_rfd_systems.csv RfD =0.003 mg/kg/day - oral chronic IRIS chronic oral RfD system row_hash=cd9dbe8d86e92c1b; file=iris_rfd_systems.csv; kind=reference_value; raw_column=rfd_mg_per_kg_day; raw_value=3e-3; system=Hepatic; basis=Mild hepatocellular vacuolization; point_of_departure=LOAEL : 7.9 mg/kg-day; composite_uf=3000; confidence=Low; dtxsid=DTXSID1020647; detail_url=https://iris.epa.gov/ChemicalLanding/&substance_nmbr=317; rfd_last_updated=09/07/1988; rfd_pdf_url=https://iris.epa.gov/static/pdfs/0317_summary.pdf
IARC Monographs 3 endpoints
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
IARC Monographs IARC carcinogenicity classification 3 IARC group - - 1995 IARC Monographs {"additional_info":"volume_publication_year=1995","evaluation_year":1995,"source_table":"iarc_classifications","volume":"63"}
IARC Monographs IARC carcinogenicity classification 3 IARC group - - 1995 IARC Monographs {"additional_info":"volume_publication_year=1995","evaluation_year":1995,"source_table":"iarc_classifications","volume":"63"}
IARC Monographs IARC carcinogenicity classification 3 IARC group - - 1995 IARC Monographs {"additional_info":"volume_publication_year=1995","evaluation_year":1995,"source_table":"iarc_classifications","volume":"63"}
INCHEM_WHO_cicads_cicads_cicad_21 4 endpoints
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
INCHEM_WHO_cicads_cicads_cicad_21 NOAEL =208 mg/m3 Rat; Rabbit - - Toxicology study document_id=cicads_cicads_cicad_21; title=Furaldehyde, 2- (CICADS); path=mirror/documents/cicads/cicads/cicad_21.htm; row_hash=9d2216f384720877; raw_unit=mg/m 3; context=A NOAEL of 208 mg/m 3 (52 ppm) was identified in rabbits; a NOAEL was not identified for rats.
INCHEM_WHO_cicads_cicads_cicad_21 NOAEL =80 mg/m3 - - - Toxicology study document_id=cicads_cicads_cicad_21; title=Furaldehyde, 2- (CICADS); path=mirror/documents/cicads/cicads/cicad_21.htm; row_hash=ddd6c60daebd289c; raw_unit=mg/m 3; context=A NOAEL of 80 mg/m 3 (20 ppm) was identified.
INCHEM_WHO_cicads_cicads_cicad_21 NOAEL =208 mg/m3 Rat; Rabbit - - Toxicology study document_id=cicads_cicads_cicad_21; title=Furaldehyde, 2- (CICADS); path=mirror/documents/cicads/cicads/cicad_21.htm; row_hash=9d2216f384720877; raw_unit=mg/m 3; context=A NOAEL of 208 mg/m 3 (52 ppm) was identified in rabbits; a NOAEL was not identified for rats.
INCHEM_WHO_cicads_cicads_cicad_21 NOAEL =80 mg/m3 - - - Toxicology study document_id=cicads_cicads_cicad_21; title=Furaldehyde, 2- (CICADS); path=mirror/documents/cicads/cicads/cicad_21.htm; row_hash=ddd6c60daebd289c; raw_unit=mg/m 3; context=A NOAEL of 80 mg/m 3 (20 ppm) was identified.
INCHEM_WHO_jecfa_jecmono_v042je03 2 endpoints
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
INCHEM_WHO_jecfa_jecmono_v042je03 NOEL =77 mg/m3 - - - Reproductive toxicity document_id=jecfa_jecmono_v042je03; title=929. Furfural (WHO Food Additives Series 42); path=mirror/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v042je03.htm; row_hash=b162fa93e5d8c39b; raw_unit=mg/m 3; context=The NOEL was 77 mg/m 3 , since mild nasal epithelial degeneration was observed at 448 mg/m 3 (Feron & Kruysse, 1978).
INCHEM_WHO_jecfa_jecmono_v042je03 NOEL =77 mg/m3 - - - Reproductive toxicity document_id=jecfa_jecmono_v042je03; title=929. Furfural (WHO Food Additives Series 42); path=mirror/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v042je03.htm; row_hash=b162fa93e5d8c39b; raw_unit=mg/m 3; context=The NOEL was 77 mg/m 3 , since mild nasal epithelial degeneration was observed at 448 mg/m 3 (Feron & Kruysse, 1978).
INCHEM_WHO_jecfa_jecmono_v46je08 8 endpoints
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
INCHEM_WHO_jecfa_jecmono_v46je08 ADI =0.5 mg/kg bw/day - - - Health guidance value document_id=jecfa_jecmono_v46je08; title=FURFURYL ALCOHOL AND RELATED SUBSTANCES; path=mirror/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v46je08.htm; row_hash=18a4557f251bc76a; raw_unit=mg/kg bw; context=All intake values are expressed in ug/day. c A group ADI of 0–0.5 mg/kg bw was established by the Committee at its present meeting for furfural, furfuryl alcohol, furfuryl acetate, furfuryl propionate, furfuryl pentanoate, furfuryl octanoate, furfuryl 3-methylbutanoate, methyl 2-furoate, propyl 2-furoate, amyl 2-furoate, hexyl 2-fur
INCHEM_WHO_jecfa_jecmono_v46je08 ADI =0.5 mg/kg bw/day - - - Health guidance value document_id=jecfa_jecmono_v46je08; title=FURFURYL ALCOHOL AND RELATED SUBSTANCES; path=mirror/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v46je08.htm; row_hash=18a4557f251bc76a; raw_unit=mg/kg bw; context=All intake values are expressed in ug/day. c A group ADI of 0–0.5 mg/kg bw was established by the Committee at its present meeting for furfural, furfuryl alcohol, furfuryl acetate, furfuryl propionate, furfuryl pentanoate, furfuryl octanoate, furfuryl 3-methylbutanoate, methyl 2-furoate, propyl 2-furoate, amyl 2-furoate, hexyl 2-fur
INCHEM_WHO_jecfa_jecmono_v46je08 NOEL =53 mg/kg bw/day - - - Toxicology study document_id=jecfa_jecmono_v46je08; title=FURFURYL ALCOHOL AND RELATED SUBSTANCES; path=mirror/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v46je08.htm; row_hash=5c86cae7150009d7; raw_unit=mg/kg bw per day; context=The NOEL of 53 mg/kg bw per day for the related substance, furfural (Jonker, 2000), is > 10 000 times the estimated daily intake of furfuryl alcohol when used as a flavouring agent.
INCHEM_WHO_jecfa_jecmono_v46je08 NOEL =25 mg/kg bw/day - - - Toxicology study document_id=jecfa_jecmono_v46je08; title=FURFURYL ALCOHOL AND RELATED SUBSTANCES; path=mirror/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v46je08.htm; row_hash=25af60ed4e06c254; raw_unit=mg/kg bw per day; context=The NOEL of 25 mg/kg bw per day (Posternak et al., 1969) is > 100 million times the estimated daily intake of 2-benzofuran- carboxaldehyde when used as a flavouring agent.
INCHEM_WHO_jecfa_jecmono_v46je08 NOEL =13 mg/kg bw/day - - - Toxicology study document_id=jecfa_jecmono_v46je08; title=FURFURYL ALCOHOL AND RELATED SUBSTANCES; path=mirror/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v46je08.htm; row_hash=34d5cb2dab1b2bbe; raw_unit=mg/kg bw per day; context=The NOEL of 13 mg/kg bw per day (Posternak et al., 1969) is > 400 times the estimated daily intake of 2-phenyl-3-carbeth- oxyfuran when used as a flavouring substance.
INCHEM_WHO_jecfa_jecmono_v46je08 NOEL =53 mg/kg bw/day - - - Toxicology study document_id=jecfa_jecmono_v46je08; title=FURFURYL ALCOHOL AND RELATED SUBSTANCES; path=mirror/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v46je08.htm; row_hash=5c86cae7150009d7; raw_unit=mg/kg bw per day; context=The NOEL of 53 mg/kg bw per day for the related substance, furfural (Jonker, 2000), is > 10 000 times the estimated daily intake of furfuryl alcohol when used as a flavouring agent.
INCHEM_WHO_jecfa_jecmono_v46je08 NOEL =25 mg/kg bw/day - - - Toxicology study document_id=jecfa_jecmono_v46je08; title=FURFURYL ALCOHOL AND RELATED SUBSTANCES; path=mirror/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v46je08.htm; row_hash=25af60ed4e06c254; raw_unit=mg/kg bw per day; context=The NOEL of 25 mg/kg bw per day (Posternak et al., 1969) is > 100 million times the estimated daily intake of 2-benzofuran- carboxaldehyde when used as a flavouring agent.
INCHEM_WHO_jecfa_jecmono_v46je08 NOEL =13 mg/kg bw/day - - - Toxicology study document_id=jecfa_jecmono_v46je08; title=FURFURYL ALCOHOL AND RELATED SUBSTANCES; path=mirror/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v46je08.htm; row_hash=34d5cb2dab1b2bbe; raw_unit=mg/kg bw per day; context=The NOEL of 13 mg/kg bw per day (Posternak et al., 1969) is > 400 times the estimated daily intake of 2-phenyl-3-carbeth- oxyfuran when used as a flavouring substance.
NTP_ICE_acute_inhalation 2 endpoints
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
NTP_ICE_acute_inhalation LC50 0.6873 mg/L - Inhalation Duration=6 hr In Vivo; AcuteInhalNICEATM; Rat Acute Inhalation Toxicity sheet=Data; excel_row=781; Record_ID=acute_inhalation_1053; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=AcuteInhalNICEATM; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID1020647; Assay=Rat Acute Inhalation Toxicity; Endpoint=LC50; Response=0.6873; Response_Unit=mg/L; Reference=ChemIDplus; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID1020647; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID1020647
NTP_ICE_acute_inhalation LC50 12.2 mg/L - Inhalation Duration=2 hr In Vivo; AcuteInhalNICEATM; Rat Acute Inhalation Toxicity sheet=Data; excel_row=782; Record_ID=acute_inhalation_1787; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=AcuteInhalNICEATM; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID1020647; Assay=Rat Acute Inhalation Toxicity; Endpoint=LC50; Response=12.2; Response_Unit=mg/L; Reference=NIOSH; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID1020647; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID1020647
NTP_ICE_acute_oral 5 endpoints
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
NTP_ICE_acute_oral LD50 =127 mg/kg bw Rat oral acute Rat Acute Oral Toxicity NLM Hazardous Substances Data Bank (undated); record_id=acute_oral_11895; row=2073; data_type=In Vivo; mixture=Chemical; chemical_name=Furfural; preferred_name=Furfural; dtxsid=DTXSID1020647; url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/; url_comptox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID1020647; url_cebs=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID1020647; source_file=acute_oral.xlsx
NTP_ICE_acute_oral LD50 =108 mg/kg bw Rat (Male/Female) oral acute Rat Acute Oral Toxicity Pesticide Active Ingredients Database (undated); record_id=acute_oral_11894; row=2074; data_type=In Vivo; mixture=Chemical; chemical_name=Furfural; preferred_name=Furfural; dtxsid=DTXSID1020647; url_comptox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID1020647; url_cebs=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID1020647; source_file=acute_oral.xlsx
NTP_ICE_acute_oral LD50 =105 mg/kg bw Rat (Male/Female) oral acute Rat Acute Oral Toxicity Pesticide Active Ingredients Database (undated); record_id=acute_oral_11893; row=2075; data_type=In Vivo; mixture=Chemical; chemical_name=Furfural; preferred_name=Furfural; dtxsid=DTXSID1020647; url_comptox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID1020647; url_cebs=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID1020647; source_file=acute_oral.xlsx
NTP_ICE_acute_oral LD50 =65 mg/kg bw Rat oral acute Rat Acute Oral Toxicity NLM ChemIDplus TEST (undated); record_id=acute_oral_11891; row=2076; data_type=In Vivo; mixture=Chemical; chemical_name=Furfural; preferred_name=Furfural; dtxsid=DTXSID1020647; url=https://chem.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/; url_comptox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID1020647; url_cebs=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID1020647; source_file=acute_oral.xlsx
NTP_ICE_acute_oral LD50 =100 mg/kg bw Rat (Male/Female) oral acute Rat Acute Oral Toxicity Pesticide Active Ingredients Database (undated); record_id=acute_oral_11892; row=2077; data_type=In Vivo; mixture=Chemical; chemical_name=Furfural; preferred_name=Furfural; dtxsid=DTXSID1020647; url_comptox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID1020647; url_cebs=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID1020647; source_file=acute_oral.xlsx
NTP_ICE_cancer 5 endpoints
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
NTP_ICE_cancer IARC group 3 unitless - - - WOE; IARC Carcinogenicity sheet=Data; excel_row=1317; Record_ID=cancer_5323; Data_Type=WOE; Formulation_Name=Furfural; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID1020647; Assay=IARC Carcinogenicity; Endpoint=IARC group; Response=3; Response_Unit=Unitless; URL=http://publications.iarc.fr/81; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID1020647; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID1020647
NTP_ICE_cancer POLY-3 lowest dose 175 mg/kg bw/day Mouse Gavage - In Vivo; Two year cancer bioassay sheet=Data; excel_row=1318; Record_ID=cancer_5322; Data_Type=In Vivo; Formulation_Name=Furfural; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID1020647; Assay=Two year cancer bioassay; Endpoint=POLY-3 lowest dose; Response=175; Response_Unit=mg/kg/day; Species=Mouse; Strain=B6C3F1; Sex=Female; Route=Gavage; Level_of_Evidence=Some evidence; Tissue=Liver; Lesion=Hepatocellular adenoma; Reference=TR-382; URL=https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/publications/reports/tr/300s/tr382/index.html; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID1020647; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID1020647
NTP_ICE_cancer POLY-3 lowest dose 60 mg/kg bw/day Rat Gavage - In Vivo; Two year cancer bioassay sheet=Data; excel_row=1327; Record_ID=cancer_5321; Data_Type=In Vivo; Formulation_Name=Furfural; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID1020647; Assay=Two year cancer bioassay; Endpoint=POLY-3 lowest dose; Response=60; Response_Unit=mg/kg/day; Species=Rat; Strain=F344/N; Sex=Male; Route=Gavage; Level_of_Evidence=Some evidence; Tissue=Liver; Lesion=Cholangiocarcinoma; Reference=TR-382; URL=https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/publications/reports/tr/300s/tr382/index.html; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID1020647; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID1020647
NTP_ICE_cancer Top dose 175 mg/kg Mouse Gavage - In Vivo; NTP Carcinogenicity sheet=Data; excel_row=1319; Record_ID=cancer_5322; Data_Type=In Vivo; Formulation_Name=Furfural; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID1020647; Assay=NTP Carcinogenicity; Endpoint=Top dose; Response=175; Response_Unit=mg/kg; Species=Mouse; Strain=B6C3F1; Sex=Female; Route=Gavage; Reference=TR-382; URL=https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/publications/reports/tr/300s/tr382/index.html; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID1020647; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID1020647
NTP_ICE_cancer Top dose 60 mg/kg Rat Gavage - In Vivo; NTP Carcinogenicity sheet=Data; excel_row=1321; Record_ID=cancer_5321; Data_Type=In Vivo; Formulation_Name=Furfural; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID1020647; Assay=NTP Carcinogenicity; Endpoint=Top dose; Response=60; Response_Unit=mg/kg; Species=Rat; Strain=F344/N; Sex=Male; Route=Gavage; Reference=TR-382; URL=https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/publications/reports/tr/300s/tr382/index.html; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID1020647; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID1020647
NTP_ICE_endocrine 1 endpoint
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
NTP_ICE_endocrine Model Score 0 unitless - - - ARPathway2016; AR Pathway Model, Antagonist sheet=Integrated_approaches; excel_row=9864; RecordID=ARPathway2016_1795; DatasetName=ARPathway2016; DTXSID=DTXSID1020647; Assay=AR Pathway Model, Antagonist; Endpoint=Model Score; Response=0; Response_Unit=Unitless; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID1020647; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID1020647
NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization 3 endpoints
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization Incidence of positive responses 0 % Human Dermal - In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Maximization Test sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=11534; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_2506; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=2.0; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID1020647; Assay=Human Maximization Test; Endpoint=Incidence of positive responses; Response=0; Response_Unit=%; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Kligman 1975: report to RIFM|Anonymous 1978; Not available; 10.1016/S0015-6264(78)80105-9; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID1020647; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID1020647
NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization Induction dose per skin area 1350 ug/cm2 Human Dermal - In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Maximization Test sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=11532; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_2506; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=2.0; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID1020647; Assay=Human Maximization Test; Endpoint=Induction dose per skin area; Response=1350; Response_Unit=ug/cm2; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Kligman 1975: report to RIFM|Anonymous 1978; Not available; 10.1016/S0015-6264(78)80105-9; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID1020647; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID1020647
NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization Relative reliability score 3 unitless Human Dermal - In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Maximization Test sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=11538; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_2506; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=2.0; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID1020647; Assay=Human Maximization Test; Endpoint=Relative reliability score; Response=3; Response_Unit=Unitless; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Kligman 1975: report to RIFM|Anonymous 1978; Not available; 10.1016/S0015-6264(78)80105-9; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID1020647; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID1020647
ToxRefDB_ToxRefDB_v3_pod.csv 14 endpoints
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
ToxRefDB_ToxRefDB_v3_pod.csv LEL =120 mg/kg bw/day rat (fischer; Fischer 344) oral 0 day to 16 day SAC study_id=5410; toxval_study_source_id=studyid5410_Adult_F0_F_systemic; toxval_effect_list=in life observation-clinical signs-reduced activity|in life observation-clinical signs-labored respiration|in life observation-mortality-mortality; dose_level=4; study_year=1990; study_citation=NTP_1990_Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Furfural (CAS No. 98-01-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies)_16-day study_Rats; dsstox_substance_id=DTXSID1020647; admin_method=Gavage/Intubation; cas_source=toxval_ToxRefDB.xlsx:DTXSID; blob_url=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/688cbadae4b02565bc3f8c07/blob; blob_sha256=69dd2da06ffc6a98a1bed684c347d8b2f31e6d35d607d4f2f83ebb6845a708d5
ToxRefDB_ToxRefDB_v3_pod.csv LEL =400 mg/kg bw/day mouse (b6c3f1; B6C3F1) oral 0 day to 16 day SAC study_id=5411; toxval_study_source_id=studyid5411_Adult_F0_M_systemic; toxval_effect_list=in life observation-mortality-mortality; dose_level=5; study_year=1990; study_citation=NTP_1990_Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Furfural (CAS No. 98-01-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies)_16-day study_Mice; dsstox_substance_id=DTXSID1020647; admin_method=Gavage/Intubation; cas_source=toxval_ToxRefDB.xlsx:DTXSID; blob_url=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/688cbadae4b02565bc3f8c07/blob; blob_sha256=69dd2da06ffc6a98a1bed684c347d8b2f31e6d35d607d4f2f83ebb6845a708d5
ToxRefDB_ToxRefDB_v3_pod.csv LEL =90 mg/kg bw/day rat (fischer; Fischer 344) oral 0 week to 13 week SUB study_id=5412; toxval_study_source_id=studyid5412_Adult_F0_F_systemic; toxval_effect_list=in life observation-mortality-mortality; dose_level=4; study_year=1990; study_citation=NTP_1990_Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Furfural (CAS No. 98-01-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies)_13-week study_Rats; dsstox_substance_id=DTXSID1020647; admin_method=Gavage/Intubation; cas_source=toxval_ToxRefDB.xlsx:DTXSID; blob_url=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/688cbadae4b02565bc3f8c07/blob; blob_sha256=69dd2da06ffc6a98a1bed684c347d8b2f31e6d35d607d4f2f83ebb6845a708d5
ToxRefDB_ToxRefDB_v3_pod.csv LEL =11 mg/kg bw/day rat (fischer; Fischer 344) oral 0 week to 13 week SUB study_id=5412; toxval_study_source_id=studyid5412_Adult_F0_M_systemic; toxval_effect_list=pathology microscopic-liver-vacuolization cytoplasmic|organ weight-liver-relative to body weight|organ weight-kidney-relative to body weight|organ weight-kidney-absolute|organ weight-liver-absolute|in life observation-mortality-mortality; dose_level=1; study_year=1990; study_citation=NTP_1990_Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Furfural (CAS No. 98-01-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies)_13-week study_Rats; dsstox_substance_id=DTXSID1020647; admin_method=Gavage/Intubation; cas_source=toxval_ToxRefDB.xlsx:DTXSID; blob_url=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/688cbadae4b02565bc3f8c07/blob; blob_sha256=69dd2da06ffc6a98a1bed684c347d8b2f31e6d35d607d4f2f83ebb6845a708d5
ToxRefDB_ToxRefDB_v3_pod.csv LEL =75 mg/kg bw/day mouse (b6c3f1; B6C3F1) oral 0 week to 13 week SUB study_id=5413; toxval_study_source_id=studyid5413_Adult_F0_F_systemic; toxval_effect_list=organ weight-liver-relative to body weight|in life observation-mortality-mortality|in life observation-body weight-body weight|pathology microscopic-liver-necrosis|pathology microscopic-liver-inflammation; dose_level=1; study_year=1990; study_citation=NTP_1990_Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Furfural (CAS No. 98-01-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies)_13-week study_Mice; dsstox_substance_id=DTXSID1020647; admin_method=Gavage/Intubation; cas_source=toxval_ToxRefDB.xlsx:DTXSID; blob_url=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/688cbadae4b02565bc3f8c07/blob; blob_sha256=69dd2da06ffc6a98a1bed684c347d8b2f31e6d35d607d4f2f83ebb6845a708d5
ToxRefDB_ToxRefDB_v3_pod.csv LEL =150 mg/kg bw/day mouse (b6c3f1; B6C3F1) oral 0 week to 13 week SUB study_id=5413; toxval_study_source_id=studyid5413_Adult_F0_M_systemic; toxval_effect_list=pathology microscopic-liver-inflammation|in life observation-body weight-body weight|pathology microscopic-liver-necrosis|organ weight-liver-relative to body weight|in life observation-mortality-mortality; dose_level=2; study_year=1990; study_citation=NTP_1990_Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Furfural (CAS No. 98-01-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies)_13-week study_Mice; dsstox_substance_id=DTXSID1020647; admin_method=Gavage/Intubation; cas_source=toxval_ToxRefDB.xlsx:DTXSID; blob_url=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/688cbadae4b02565bc3f8c07/blob; blob_sha256=69dd2da06ffc6a98a1bed684c347d8b2f31e6d35d607d4f2f83ebb6845a708d5
ToxRefDB_ToxRefDB_v3_pod.csv LEL =60 mg/kg bw/day rat (fischer; Fischer 344) oral 0 week to 103 week CHR study_id=5414; toxval_study_source_id=studyid5414_Adult_F0_F_systemic; toxval_effect_list=pathology microscopic-lung-foreign body|in life observation-mortality-mortality|pathology microscopic-lung-congestion; dose_level=2; study_year=1990; study_citation=NTP_1990_Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Furfural (CAS No. 98-01-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies)_2-year study_Rats; dsstox_substance_id=DTXSID1020647; admin_method=Gavage/Intubation; cas_source=toxval_ToxRefDB.xlsx:DTXSID; blob_url=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/688cbadae4b02565bc3f8c07/blob; blob_sha256=69dd2da06ffc6a98a1bed684c347d8b2f31e6d35d607d4f2f83ebb6845a708d5
ToxRefDB_ToxRefDB_v3_pod.csv LEL =50 mg/kg bw/day mouse (b6c3f1; B6C3F1) oral 0 week to 103 week CHR study_id=5416; toxval_study_source_id=studyid5416_Adult_F0_F_systemic; toxval_effect_list=pathology microscopic-stomach-hyperplasia|pathology microscopic-stomach-squamous cell papilloma|pathology microscopic-liver-pigmentation|pathology microscopic-liver-hepatocellular adenoma|pathology microscopic-liver-inflammation; dose_level=1; study_year=1990; study_citation=NTP_1990_Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Furfural (CAS No. 98-01-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies)_2-year study_Mice; dsstox_substance_id=DTXSID1020647; admin_method=Gavage/Intubation; cas_source=toxval_ToxRefDB.xlsx:DTXSID; blob_url=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/688cbadae4b02565bc3f8c07/blob; blob_sha256=69dd2da06ffc6a98a1bed684c347d8b2f31e6d35d607d4f2f83ebb6845a708d5
ToxRefDB_ToxRefDB_v3_pod.csv LOAEL =100 mg/kg bw/day mouse (b6c3f1; B6C3F1) oral 0 week to 103 week CHR study_id=5416; toxval_study_source_id=studyid5416_Adult_F0_M_systemic; toxval_effect_list=pathology microscopic-liver-pigmentation|pathology microscopic-liver-inflammation; dose_level=2; study_year=1990; study_citation=NTP_1990_Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Furfural (CAS No. 98-01-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies)_2-year study_Mice; dsstox_substance_id=DTXSID1020647; admin_method=Gavage/Intubation; cas_source=toxval_ToxRefDB.xlsx:DTXSID; blob_url=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/688cbadae4b02565bc3f8c07/blob; blob_sha256=69dd2da06ffc6a98a1bed684c347d8b2f31e6d35d607d4f2f83ebb6845a708d5
ToxRefDB_ToxRefDB_v3_pod.csv NEL =60 mg/kg bw/day rat (fischer; Fischer 344) oral 0 day to 16 day SAC study_id=5410; toxval_study_source_id=studyid5410_Adult_F0_F_systemic; toxval_effect_list=in life observation-clinical signs-labored respiration|in life observation-mortality-mortality|in life observation-clinical signs-reduced activity; dose_level=3; study_year=1990; study_citation=NTP_1990_Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Furfural (CAS No. 98-01-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies)_16-day study_Rats; dsstox_substance_id=DTXSID1020647; admin_method=Gavage/Intubation; cas_source=toxval_ToxRefDB.xlsx:DTXSID; blob_url=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/688cbadae4b02565bc3f8c07/blob; blob_sha256=69dd2da06ffc6a98a1bed684c347d8b2f31e6d35d607d4f2f83ebb6845a708d5
ToxRefDB_ToxRefDB_v3_pod.csv NEL =200 mg/kg bw/day mouse (b6c3f1; B6C3F1) oral 0 day to 16 day SAC study_id=5411; toxval_study_source_id=studyid5411_Adult_F0_M_systemic; toxval_effect_list=in life observation-mortality-mortality; dose_level=4; study_year=1990; study_citation=NTP_1990_Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Furfural (CAS No. 98-01-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies)_16-day study_Mice; dsstox_substance_id=DTXSID1020647; admin_method=Gavage/Intubation; cas_source=toxval_ToxRefDB.xlsx:DTXSID; blob_url=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/688cbadae4b02565bc3f8c07/blob; blob_sha256=69dd2da06ffc6a98a1bed684c347d8b2f31e6d35d607d4f2f83ebb6845a708d5
ToxRefDB_ToxRefDB_v3_pod.csv NEL =45 mg/kg bw/day rat (fischer; Fischer 344) oral 0 week to 13 week SUB study_id=5412; toxval_study_source_id=studyid5412_Adult_F0_F_systemic; toxval_effect_list=in life observation-mortality-mortality; dose_level=3; study_year=1990; study_citation=NTP_1990_Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Furfural (CAS No. 98-01-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies)_13-week study_Rats; dsstox_substance_id=DTXSID1020647; admin_method=Gavage/Intubation; cas_source=toxval_ToxRefDB.xlsx:DTXSID; blob_url=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/688cbadae4b02565bc3f8c07/blob; blob_sha256=69dd2da06ffc6a98a1bed684c347d8b2f31e6d35d607d4f2f83ebb6845a708d5
ToxRefDB_ToxRefDB_v3_pod.csv NEL >0 mg/kg bw/day rat (fischer; Fischer 344) oral 0 week to 13 week SUB study_id=5412; toxval_study_source_id=studyid5412_Adult_F0_M_systemic; toxval_effect_list=organ weight-liver-relative to body weight|organ weight-kidney-relative to body weight|pathology microscopic-liver-vacuolization cytoplasmic|organ weight-liver-absolute|in life observation-mortality-mortality|organ weight-kidney-absolute; dose_level=0; study_year=1990; study_citation=NTP_1990_Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Furfural (CAS No. 98-01-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies)_13-week study_Rats; dsstox_substance_id=DTXSID1020647; admin_method=Gavage/Intubation; cas_source=toxval_ToxRefDB.xlsx:DTXSID; blob_url=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/688cbadae4b02565bc3f8c07/blob; blob_sha256=69dd2da06ffc6a98a1bed684c347d8b2f31e6d35d607d4f2f83ebb6845a708d5
ToxRefDB_ToxRefDB_v3_pod.csv NEL =30 mg/kg bw/day rat (fischer; Fischer 344) oral 0 week to 103 week CHR study_id=5414; toxval_study_source_id=studyid5414_Adult_F0_F_systemic; toxval_effect_list=pathology microscopic-lung-congestion|pathology microscopic-lung-foreign body|in life observation-mortality-mortality; dose_level=1; study_year=1990; study_citation=NTP_1990_Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Furfural (CAS No. 98-01-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies)_2-year study_Rats; dsstox_substance_id=DTXSID1020647; admin_method=Gavage/Intubation; cas_source=toxval_ToxRefDB.xlsx:DTXSID; blob_url=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/688cbadae4b02565bc3f8c07/blob; blob_sha256=69dd2da06ffc6a98a1bed684c347d8b2f31e6d35d607d4f2f83ebb6845a708d5
ToxValDB_DOE_Protective_Action_Criteria 1 endpoint
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
ToxValDB_DOE_Protective_Action_Criteria LEL =82527.4 mg/m3 Human inhalation - acute LONG_REF=U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Protective Action Criteria (PAC). 2023. PAC Chemical Database. Updated 11 October 2023. Available: https://edms3.energy.gov/pac/ (Accessed November 16, 2023); TITLE=U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Protective Action Criteria (PAC) Chemical Database; AUTHOR=U.S. Department of Energy; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/65428efee4b045b9ff7cc432; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://edms3.energy.gov/pac/TeelDocs; YEAR=2009; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2009; STUDY_GROUP=DOE Protective Action Criteria:15515727:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_928d0b04c772becec8e510b4f0ae210a
ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID 16 endpoints
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID LOAEL =60 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral - chronic QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c849e4b0a7c65d217cac; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23020/7/8?documentUUID=c9433e67-d9cc-4c53-8bcf-190fa8dfc6a6; YEAR=1996; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1996; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID:15817672:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, and this record was expert reviewed; QC_STATUS=pass; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_02ba6333a9f7514a41c0ccbbd7f2c371
ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID LOAEL =30 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral - chronic QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c849e4b0a7c65d217cac; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23020/7/8?documentUUID=c9433e67-d9cc-4c53-8bcf-190fa8dfc6a6; YEAR=1996; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1996; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID:15817674:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, and this record was expert reviewed; QC_STATUS=pass; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_c57954a43cf5e86bcd41d95b80a659ce
ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID LOAEL =175 mg/kg bw/day Mouse oral - chronic QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c849e4b0a7c65d217cb0; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23020/7/8?documentUUID=c9433e67-d9cc-4c53-8bcf-190fa8dfc6a6; YEAR=1996; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1996; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Carcinogenicity_15818201_15818202_15818203:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_49e5fd70fdb131f63dd8f67bc948f34a
ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID NOAEC =97 mg/m3 Hamster inhalation - chronic QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c849e4b0a7c65d217cb2; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23020/7/8?documentUUID=c9433e67-d9cc-4c53-8bcf-190fa8dfc6a6; YEAR=1996; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1996; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID:15818483:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_feb07938f2dde2bc7496be35bc6f49dd
ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID NOAEC =20 mg/m3 Rat inhalation short-term; 28 days short-term QUALITY=1 (reliable without restriction); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66059786e4b063812d6fa765; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23020/7/6/3?documentUUID=c9433e67-d9cc-4c53-8bcf-190fa8dfc6a6; YEAR=1996; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1996; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Repeated Dose Toxicity Inhalation_15828883_15828884:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_0b547c554e9dac7bd1af9e72a441225c
ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID NOAEC =8 mg/m3 Rat inhalation short-term; 28 days short-term QUALITY=1 (reliable without restriction); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66059786e4b063812d6fa765; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23020/7/6/3?documentUUID=c9433e67-d9cc-4c53-8bcf-190fa8dfc6a6; YEAR=1996; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1996; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Repeated Dose Toxicity Inhalation_15828883_15828884:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_9389d7b051ede1dd72198d0585670450
ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID NOAEC =320 mg/m3 Rat inhalation short-term; 28 days short-term QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66059786e4b063812d6fa765; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23020/7/6/3?documentUUID=c9433e67-d9cc-4c53-8bcf-190fa8dfc6a6; YEAR=1996; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1996; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Repeated Dose Toxicity Inhalation_15829205_15829206:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_955af7bb2172975371aa20b15168c030
ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID NOAEL =100 mg/kg bw/day Mouse oral - chronic QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c849e4b0a7c65d217cb0; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23020/7/8?documentUUID=c9433e67-d9cc-4c53-8bcf-190fa8dfc6a6; YEAR=1996; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1996; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Carcinogenicity_15818201_15818202_15818203:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, and this record was expert reviewed; QC_STATUS=pass; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_4f76014ab49bae7f93885b725bd750e2
ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID NOAEL =50 mg/kg bw/day Mouse oral - chronic QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c849e4b0a7c65d217cb0; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23020/7/8?documentUUID=c9433e67-d9cc-4c53-8bcf-190fa8dfc6a6; YEAR=1996; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1996; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Carcinogenicity_15818201_15818202_15818203:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_6c0378dd5812d737af14b2d54b5fd091
ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID NOAEL =250 mg/kg bw/day Rat dermal short-term; 28 days short-term QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/67c61f8fe4b096bca877e102; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23020/7/6/4?documentUUID=c9433e67-d9cc-4c53-8bcf-190fa8dfc6a6; YEAR=1996; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1996; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Repeated Dose Toxicity Dermal_15826784_15826895_15826896:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_232b4c4a7040dcbc3aa9f748eb688fe1
ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID NOAEL =1000 mg/kg bw/day Rat dermal short-term; 28 days short-term QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/67c61f8fe4b096bca877e102; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23020/7/6/4?documentUUID=c9433e67-d9cc-4c53-8bcf-190fa8dfc6a6; YEAR=1996; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1996; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Repeated Dose Toxicity Dermal_15826784_15826895_15826896:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_e57ddf9c04fb25f8ab04296425341eb7
ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID NOAEL =96 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral short-term; 28 days short-term QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7cc35e4b0a7c65d229737; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23020/7/6/2?documentUUID=c9433e67-d9cc-4c53-8bcf-190fa8dfc6a6; YEAR=1996; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1996; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID:15838084:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, and this record was expert reviewed; QC_STATUS=pass; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_0f1339e82b76d31534aced835a452754
ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID NOAEL <11 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral subchronic; 13 weeks subchronic QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7cc35e4b0a7c65d22973b; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23020/7/6/2?documentUUID=c9433e67-d9cc-4c53-8bcf-190fa8dfc6a6; YEAR=1996; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1996; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID:15841756:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, and this record was expert reviewed; QC_STATUS=pass; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_ca85cafe06418016e3d0873385fab217
ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID NOAEL =75 mg/kg bw/day Mouse oral subchronic; 13 weeks subchronic QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7cc35e4b0a7c65d22974c; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23020/7/6/2?documentUUID=c9433e67-d9cc-4c53-8bcf-190fa8dfc6a6; YEAR=1996; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1996; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID:15844642:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, and this record was expert reviewed; QC_STATUS=pass; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_5577d08871be8267eb2ac5700fe4d5aa
ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID NOAEL =53 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral subchronic; 13 weeks subchronic QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7cc35e4b0a7c65d229755; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23020/7/6/2?documentUUID=c9433e67-d9cc-4c53-8bcf-190fa8dfc6a6; YEAR=1996; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1996; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID:15846634:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, and this record was expert reviewed; QC_STATUS=pass; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_b5d5c270db09b05cd1520fd4f8717a69
ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID NOAEL =60 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral - reproduction developmental QUALITY=1 (reliable without restriction); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c96ee4b0a7c65d21cf9a; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23020/7/9/2?documentUUID=c9433e67-d9cc-4c53-8bcf-190fa8dfc6a6; YEAR=1996; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1996; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=P0: clinical signs|P0: urinalysis|P0: organ weights and organ / body weight ratios|P0: gross pathology|P0: neuropathology|P0: histopathology: non-neoplastic|P0: histopathology: neoplastic|P0: reproductive function (oestrous cycle)|P0: reproductive function (sperm measures)|P0: reproductive performance|P0: |P0: mortality|P0: dermal irritation|P0: body weight and weight gain|P0: food consumption and compound intake|P0: food efficiency|P0: water consumption and compound intake|P0: ophthalmological examination|P0: haematology|P0: clinical biochemistry; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=body weight|cancer|clinical chemistry|clinical signs|food and/or water consumption|gross pathology|hematology|mortality/survival|nonneoplastic histopathology|organ weight|reproduction|urinalysis; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID:15857866:M/F:P0-; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, and this record was expert reviewed; QC_STATUS=pass; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_d163774f526a3b61d31395480a939542
ToxValDB_ECOTOX 6 endpoints
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
ToxValDB_ECOTOX LOEL =20 mL/kg Rat oral subchronic; 90 days subchronic LONG_REF=Acta Pathol. Jpn.36(7): 1027-1038 Shimizu,A., and M. Kanisawa Experimental Studies on Hepatic Cirrhosis and Hepatocarcinogenesis I. Production of Hepatic Cirrhosis by Furfural Administration 1986; TITLE=Experimental Studies on Hepatic Cirrhosis and Hepatocarcinogenesis I. Production of Hepatic Cirrhosis by Furfural Administration; AUTHOR=Shimizu,A., and M. Kanisawa; DOI=10.1111/j.1440-1827.1986.tb00212.x; QUALITY=Control type: Concurrent control; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=75970; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ECOTOX Reference Number; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759bce8e4b0a7c65d37bc5f; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=Growth: Weight|Morphology: Organ weight in relationship to body weight; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=body weight|organ weight; STUDY_GROUP=ECOTOX:15594610:unknown:--; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ECOTOX import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=c14a207be9449bb40e8bb7a54a238340
ToxValDB_ECOTOX LOEL =50 mg/kg bw/day Mouse oral acute; 0.0833 days acute LONG_REF=Food Chem. Toxicol.39(10): 999-1011 Lake,B.G., A.J. Edwards, R.J. Price, B.J. Phillips, A.B. Renwick, J.A. Beamand, and T.B. Adams Lack of Effect of Furfural on Unscheduled DNA Synthesis in the In Vivo Rat and Mouse Hepatocyte DNA Repair Assays and in Precision-Cut Human Liver Slices 2001; TITLE=Lack of Effect of Furfural on Unscheduled DNA Synthesis in the In Vivo Rat and Mouse Hepatocyte DNA Repair Assays and in Precision-Cut Human Liver Slices; AUTHOR=Lake,B.G., A.J. Edwards, R.J. Price, B.J. Phillips, A.B. Renwick, J.A. Beamand, and T.B. Adams; DOI=10.1016/s0278-6915(01)00050-3; QUALITY=Control type: Multiple control types; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=75972; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ECOTOX Reference Number; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759bce8e4b0a7c65d37bc5f; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/; YEAR=2001; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2001; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=Cell(s): Cell changes; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=nonneoplastic histopathology; STUDY_GROUP=ECOTOX:15597436:unknown:--; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ECOTOX import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=1adb7400b86261d8ee97f32ecad0d023
ToxValDB_ECOTOX LOEL =5 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral acute; 0.0833 days acute LONG_REF=Food Chem. Toxicol.39(10): 999-1011 Lake,B.G., A.J. Edwards, R.J. Price, B.J. Phillips, A.B. Renwick, J.A. Beamand, and T.B. Adams Lack of Effect of Furfural on Unscheduled DNA Synthesis in the In Vivo Rat and Mouse Hepatocyte DNA Repair Assays and in Precision-Cut Human Liver Slices 2001; TITLE=Lack of Effect of Furfural on Unscheduled DNA Synthesis in the In Vivo Rat and Mouse Hepatocyte DNA Repair Assays and in Precision-Cut Human Liver Slices; AUTHOR=Lake,B.G., A.J. Edwards, R.J. Price, B.J. Phillips, A.B. Renwick, J.A. Beamand, and T.B. Adams; DOI=10.1016/s0278-6915(01)00050-3; QUALITY=Control type: Multiple control types; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=75972; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ECOTOX Reference Number; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759bce8e4b0a7c65d37bc5f; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/; YEAR=2001; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2001; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=Cell(s): Cell changes; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=nonneoplastic histopathology; STUDY_GROUP=ECOTOX:15608482:unknown:--; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ECOTOX import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=a2cd6e50028926e1f95bd6ffef9795f7
ToxValDB_ECOTOX NOEL =13 mg/kg bw/day Rat injection short-term; 14 days short-term LONG_REF=Toxicol. Lett.45(2/3): 271-280 Bernard,A.M., R. De Russis, J.C. Normand, and R.R. Lauwerys Evaluation of the Subacute Nephrotoxicity of Cyclohexane and Other Industrial Solvents in the Female Sprague-Dawley Rat 1989; TITLE=Evaluation of the Subacute Nephrotoxicity of Cyclohexane and Other Industrial Solvents in the Female Sprague-Dawley Rat; AUTHOR=Bernard,A.M., R. De Russis, J.C. Normand, and R.R. Lauwerys; DOI=10.1016/0378-4274(89)90018-0; QUALITY=Control type: Carrier or solvent control; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=113042; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ECOTOX Reference Number; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759bce8e4b0a7c65d37bc5f; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/; YEAR=1989; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1989; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=Biochemistry: beta2-Microglobulin|Enzyme(s): beta-N-Acetylhexosaminidase; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=enzyme activity; STUDY_GROUP=ECOTOX:15604217:F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ECOTOX import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=1ec982a26e7f234073c5bbd5cef549be
ToxValDB_ECOTOX NOEL =200 mg/kg bw/day Mouse oral short-term; 2 days short-term LONG_REF=Mutat. Res.343(2/3): 157-183 Miyagawa,M., H. Takasawa, A. Sugiyama, Y. Inoue, T. Murata, Y. Uno, and K. Yoshikawa The In Vivo-In Vitro Replicative DNA Synthesis (RDS) Test with Hepatocytes Prepared from Male B6C3F1 Mice as an Early Prediction Assay for Putative Nongenotoxic (Ames-Negative) Mouse Hepatocarcinogens 1995; TITLE=The In Vivo-In Vitro Replicative DNA Synthesis (RDS) Test with Hepatocytes Prepared from Male B6C3F1 Mice as an Early Prediction Assay for Putative Nongenotoxic (Ames-Negative) Mouse Hepatocarcinogens; AUTHOR=Miyagawa,M., H. Takasawa, A. Sugiyama, Y. Inoue, T. Murata, Y. Uno, and K. Yoshikawa; DOI=10.1016/0165-1218(95)90082-9; QUALITY=Control type: Carrier or solvent control; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=75052; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ECOTOX Reference Number; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759bce8e4b0a7c65d37bc5f; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/; YEAR=1995; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1995; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=Cell(s): Viability; STUDY_GROUP=ECOTOX:15605568:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ECOTOX import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=9267b56753d872d9d5855d4fd44a82d7
ToxValDB_ECOTOX NOEL =48 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral short-term; 28 days short-term LONG_REF=Food Chem. Toxicol.42(9): 1389-1399 Arts,J.H.E., H. Muijser, M.J. Appel, C. Frieke Kuper, J.G.M. Bessems, and R.A. Woutersen Subacute (28-Day) Toxicity of Furfural in Fischer 344 Rats: A Comparison of the Oral and Inhalation Route 2004; TITLE=Subacute (28-Day) Toxicity of Furfural in Fischer 344 Rats: A Comparison of the Oral and Inhalation Route; AUTHOR=Arts,J.H.E., H. Muijser, M.J. Appel, C. Frieke Kuper, J.G.M. Bessems, and R.A. Woutersen; DOI=10.1016/j.fct.2004.03.014; QUALITY=Control type: Carrier or solvent control; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=75766; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ECOTOX Reference Number; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759bce8e4b0a7c65d37bc5f; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/; YEAR=2004; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2004; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=Morphology: Organ weight in relationship to body weight; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=organ weight; STUDY_GROUP=ECOTOX:15612833:unknown:--; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ECOTOX import; Source overall passed QC, and this record was expert reviewed; QC_STATUS=pass; SOURCE_HASH=ec743217275a41593d6227d43bc84d81
ToxValDB_EFSA 1 endpoint
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
ToxValDB_EFSA NOEL =54 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral subchronic; 90 days subchronic LONG_REF=EFSA AFC (2004). Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food on a request from the Commission related to Furfural and Furfural Diethylacetal. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2004.67.; TITLE=Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food on a request from the Commission related to Furfural and Furfural Diethylacetal; AUTHOR=EFSA AFC; DOI=doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2004.67; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/65201d30e4b0f0a60ddd1165; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://zenodo.org/record/5076033#.Y9fEoXbMI2z; YEAR=2004; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2004; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=hematological; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=hematology; STUDY_GROUP=EFSA:15621083:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_fcc6c4d898c03b1b543de54aa7a05c12
ToxValDB_EPA_OPP 2 endpoints
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
ToxValDB_EPA_OPP PAD (RfD) =0.8 mg/kg bw/day Human oral - Toxicity Value STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/63d99625e4b02a0c3a37c5d8; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://www.epa.gov/sdwa/2021-human-health-benchmarks-pesticides; YEAR=2021; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2021; STUDY_GROUP=EPA OPP_dup_HHBP_15789598_15789600:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_e763b80e873d8428155a9b878a8d247c
ToxValDB_EPA_OPP PAD (RfD) =0.1 mg/kg bw/day Human oral - Toxicity Value STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/63d99625e4b02a0c3a37c5d8; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://www.epa.gov/sdwa/2021-human-health-benchmarks-pesticides; YEAR=2021; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2021; STUDY_GROUP=EPA OPP_dup_HHBP_15789598_15789600:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_c7c1379e1a3e811152841fcab5491a4e
ToxValDB_GESTIS_DNEL 2 endpoints
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
ToxValDB_GESTIS_DNEL DNEL local =8 mg/m3 Human inhalation - Toxicity Value STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6543dd69e4b045b9ff7cd87e; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-dnel-liste/index-2.jsp; STUDY_GROUP=GESTIS DNEL_dup_-_15632354_15632355:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_b40dd99168e1c0c2a1e7148bcef52092
ToxValDB_GESTIS_DNEL DNEL systemic =4.26 mg/m3 Human inhalation - Toxicity Value STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6543dd69e4b045b9ff7cd87e; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-dnel-liste/index-2.jsp; STUDY_GROUP=GESTIS DNEL_dup_-_15632354_15632355:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_c84e5dffb303175af0b7d0feede914aa
ToxValDB_IRIS 2 endpoints
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
ToxValDB_IRIS LOAEL (ADJ) =7.9 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral subchronic; 90 days subchronic LONG_REF=NTP (National Toxicology Program). 1981a. 90-day Rat Report. Unpublished study performed by Southern Research Institute.; TITLE=90-day Rat Report; AUTHOR=NTP (National Toxicology Program); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/652e8a3be4b045b9ff7a5738; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://www.epa.gov/iris; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://iris.epa.gov/ChemicalLanding/&substance_nmbr=317; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=hepatocellular vacuolization; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=nonneoplastic histopathology; STUDY_GROUP=IRIS_dup_IRIS Summary_15645334_15645335:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Manually extracted from unstructured data source; Source overall passed QC, and this record was manually checked; QC_STATUS=pass; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_c05cdfbb8e0702dbc459965111acd3c2
ToxValDB_IRIS RfD =0.003 mg/kg bw/day Human oral - Toxicity Value LONG_REF=NTP, 1981a; AUTHOR=NTP; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/652e8a3be4b045b9ff7a5738; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://www.epa.gov/iris; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://iris.epa.gov/ChemicalLanding/&substance_nmbr=317; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=Mild hepatocellular vacuolization in male/female rats; STUDY_GROUP=IRIS:15644891:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Manually extracted from unstructured data source; Source overall passed QC, and this record was manually checked; QC_STATUS=pass; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_81fb175002e42ac1a5bbb0293559c28e
ToxValDB_Pennsylvania_DEP_ToxValues 1 endpoint
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
ToxValDB_Pennsylvania_DEP_ToxValues RfC =0.05 mg/m3 Human inhalation - Toxicity Value STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/67599fbae4b0a7c65d37b2e3; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://files.dep.state.pa.us/EnvironmentalCleanupBrownfields/LandRecyclingProgram/LandRecyclingProgramPortalFiles/GuidanceTechTools/VaporIntrusion/November_2021/Table%205a.pdf; STUDY_GROUP=Pennsylvania DEP ToxValues:15650140:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_787f37b154d1ee8c2567d368d184078f
ToxValDB_RSL 2 endpoints
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
ToxValDB_RSL RfC =0.5 mg/m3 Human inhalation - Toxicity Value STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759b87ce4b0a7c65d37b4e2; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://www.epa.gov/risk/regional-screening-levels-rsls-generic-tables; STUDY_GROUP=RSL_dup_HEAST_15656537_15663478:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_9d7f969fa0f94cdc3eaacefea986f640
ToxValDB_RSL RfD =0.03 mg/kg bw/day Human oral - Toxicity Value STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759b87ce4b0a7c65d37b4e2; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://www.epa.gov/risk/regional-screening-levels-rsls-generic-tables; STUDY_GROUP=RSL:15663477:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_7e53c12483f8b8fa255193fb8fe469ec
ToxValDB_ToxRefDB 6 endpoints
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
ToxValDB_ToxRefDB LEL =120 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral short-term; 16 days short-term LONG_REF=NTP_1990_Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Furfural (CAS No. 98-01-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies)_16-day study_Rats; TITLE=Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Furfural (CAS No. 98-01-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies)_16-day study_Rats; AUTHOR=NTP; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=5410; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ToxRefDB Study ID; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66bca4a3e4b0a7c65d2a792a; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://github.com/USEPA/CompTox-ToxRefDB; YEAR=1990; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1990; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=systemic: in life observation-clinical signs-reduced activity|systemic: in life observation-mortality-mortality|systemic: in life observation-clinical signs-labored respiration; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=clinical signs|mortality/survival; STUDY_GROUP=ToxRefDB_dup_-_15709168_15709169:F:F0adult; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ToxRefDB import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_5422aca005dba7180314918ec1d64bbf
ToxValDB_ToxRefDB LEL =400 mg/kg bw/day Mouse oral short-term; 16 days short-term LONG_REF=NTP_1990_Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Furfural (CAS No. 98-01-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies)_16-day study_Mice; TITLE=Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Furfural (CAS No. 98-01-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies)_16-day study_Mice; AUTHOR=NTP; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=5411; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ToxRefDB Study ID; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66bca4a3e4b0a7c65d2a792a; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://github.com/USEPA/CompTox-ToxRefDB; YEAR=1990; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1990; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=systemic: in life observation-mortality-mortality; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=mortality/survival; STUDY_GROUP=ToxRefDB_dup_-_15709172_15709173:M:F0adult; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ToxRefDB import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_1733012267dcb0b7d80f8c39b12d3019
ToxValDB_ToxRefDB LEL =90 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral subchronic; 13 weeks subchronic LONG_REF=NTP_1990_Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Furfural (CAS No. 98-01-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies)_13-week study_Rats; TITLE=Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Furfural (CAS No. 98-01-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies)_13-week study_Rats; AUTHOR=NTP; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=5412; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ToxRefDB Study ID; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66bca4a3e4b0a7c65d2a792a; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://github.com/USEPA/CompTox-ToxRefDB; YEAR=1990; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1990; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=systemic: in life observation-mortality-mortality; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=mortality/survival; STUDY_GROUP=ToxRefDB_dup_-_15709174_15709175:F:F0adult; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ToxRefDB import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_1654fb102da0a8a4a19d3cdad8546a2e
ToxValDB_ToxRefDB LEL =150 mg/kg bw/day Mouse oral subchronic; 13 weeks subchronic LONG_REF=NTP_1990_Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Furfural (CAS No. 98-01-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies)_13-week study_Mice; TITLE=Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Furfural (CAS No. 98-01-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies)_13-week study_Mice; AUTHOR=NTP; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=5413; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ToxRefDB Study ID; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66bca4a3e4b0a7c65d2a792a; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://github.com/USEPA/CompTox-ToxRefDB; YEAR=1990; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1990; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=systemic: pathology microscopic-liver-inflammation|systemic: pathology microscopic-liver-necrosis|systemic: in life observation-body weight-body weight|systemic: organ weight-liver-relative to body weight|systemic: in life observation-mortality-mortality; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=body weight|mortality/survival|nonneoplastic histopathology|organ weight; STUDY_GROUP=ToxRefDB_dup_-_15709178_15709179_15709180_15709181:M:F0adult; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ToxRefDB import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_07113588c75f149702c80a8c2dabc896
ToxValDB_ToxRefDB NEL =60 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral short-term; 16 days short-term LONG_REF=NTP_1990_Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Furfural (CAS No. 98-01-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies)_16-day study_Rats; TITLE=Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Furfural (CAS No. 98-01-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies)_16-day study_Rats; AUTHOR=NTP; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=5410; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ToxRefDB Study ID; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66bca4a3e4b0a7c65d2a792a; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://github.com/USEPA/CompTox-ToxRefDB; YEAR=1990; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1990; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=systemic: in life observation-mortality-mortality|systemic: in life observation-clinical signs-reduced activity|systemic: in life observation-clinical signs-labored respiration; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=clinical signs|mortality/survival; STUDY_GROUP=ToxRefDB_dup_-_15709168_15709169:F:F0adult; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ToxRefDB import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_eaceee5f85e8783e73dcae1a163dbf73
ToxValDB_ToxRefDB NEL =45 mg/kg bw/day Rat oral subchronic; 13 weeks subchronic LONG_REF=NTP_1990_Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Furfural (CAS No. 98-01-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies)_13-week study_Rats; TITLE=Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Furfural (CAS No. 98-01-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies)_13-week study_Rats; AUTHOR=NTP; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=5412; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ToxRefDB Study ID; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66bca4a3e4b0a7c65d2a792a; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://github.com/USEPA/CompTox-ToxRefDB; YEAR=1990; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1990; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=systemic: in life observation-mortality-mortality; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=mortality/survival; STUDY_GROUP=ToxRefDB_dup_-_15709174_15709175:F:F0adult; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ToxRefDB import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_6ec2c4a1079185587446523d2d813463
openFDA substances 4 endpoints
Source Endpoint Type Value Unit Species Route Duration Study Type Reference
openFDA substances FDA UNII substance identifier DJ1HGI319P UNII - - - chemical {"approval_status":null,"molecular_formula":"C5H4O2","source_table":"substance_identifiers_fda","substance_class":"chemical","unii_code":"DJ1HGI319P"}
openFDA substances FDA UNII substance identifier DJ1HGI319P UNII - - - chemical {"approval_status":null,"molecular_formula":"C5H4O2","source_table":"substance_identifiers_fda","substance_class":"chemical","unii_code":"DJ1HGI319P"}
openFDA substances FDA UNII substance identifier DJ1HGI319P UNII - - - chemical {"approval_status":null,"molecular_formula":"C5H4O2","source_table":"substance_identifiers_fda","substance_class":"chemical","unii_code":"DJ1HGI319P"}
openFDA substances FDA UNII substance identifier DJ1HGI319P UNII - - - chemical {"approval_status":null,"molecular_formula":"C5H4O2","source_table":"substance_identifiers_fda","substance_class":"chemical","unii_code":"DJ1HGI319P"}