What is the GHS hazard classification for Silver?
Silver (CAS 7440-22-4) is classified under EU CLP Annex VI as Repr. 2; STOT RE 2 with signal word Warning. Hazard statements: H361f; H373 (nervous system). Source: EU CLP Annex VI (ECHA).
Warning
GHS08
NOAEL Data
REACH Registered
Cosmetic Ingredient
Silver
Also known as: Amalgum, Caswell No. 735, EINECS 231-131-3, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 072501, Germany: C-Pigment 2 (+12 more)
CAS 7440-22-4
Silver (CAS 7440-22-4) is a chemical substance with GHS signal word Warning; key hazard signal: H361f; H373 (nervous system). Key regulatory status: REACH registered, 52 regulatory/inventory lists, cosmetic ingredient cross-reference; source data from ECHA CLP, EPA ToxValDB, EPA CPDat, AICIS, SCCS, ECHA REACH, ILO ICSC, OSHA, EPA TRI.
Cross-Vertical Regulatory Divergence
Silver is prohibited in EU cosmetics at max Nano silver particles prohibited under EU Omnibus VIII (Regulation EU 2024/2564); compliance deadline 1 May 2026 but has active industrial GHS classifications (H361f, H373, H400, H410).
SOURCE
Cross-vertical comparison
Cosmetics: ingredients.eu_status/eu_max; Chemicals: eu_clp_annex_vi.signal_word/hazard_statement_code
SOURCE
noael studies public
NOAEL studies
100
SOURCE
chemical inventory jurisdictions
Regulatory lists
52
SOURCE
eu clp annex vi
GHS signal
Warning
Chemical Identity
CAS, identifiers, formula, and alternate names for the matched substance record.
SOURCE
DSSTox identifiers
23 fields
Name
Silver
CAS Number
7440-22-4
DTXSID
DTXSID4024305
Molecular Formula
Ag
InChI Key
BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Monoisotopic Mass
106.905092
Synonyms
AmalgumCaswell No. 735EINECS 231-131-3EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 072501Germany: C-Pigment 2Silver, colloidalSilver GranufoamUNII-3M4G523W1GArgentum metallicumAg(0)Agnsilver(0)
GHS / CLP Classification
EU harmonized hazard classification, hazard statements, pictograms, and signal word.
SOURCE
EU CLP Annex VI (ECHA)
3 classifications
| Hazard Class | H-Statements | Pictograms | Signal |
|---|---|---|---|
| Repr. 2; STOT RE 2 | H361f; H373 (nervous system) | GHS08 | Warning |
| Repr. 2; STOT RE 2; Aquatic Acute 1; Aquatic Chronic 1 | H361f; H373 (nervous system); H400; H410 | GHS08; GHS09 | Warning |
| Repr. 2; STOT RE 2; Aquatic Acute 1; Aquatic Chronic 1 | H361f; H373 (nervous system); H400; H410 | GHS08; GHS09 | Warning |
ICSC Chemical Safety
International Chemical Safety Card hazard and exposure summary.
SOURCE
ILO/WHO International Chemical Safety Cards
1 records
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| GHS Signal Word | WARNING |
| GHS Hazard Statements | Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects |
| Short-term Effects | May cause mechanical irritation to the eyes and respiratory tract. |
| Long-term Effects | The substance may cause a grey-blue discolouration of the eyes, nose, throat and skin (argyria/argyrosis). |
| Routes of Exposure | The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation and by ingestion. |
OSHA Exposure Limits
Occupational exposure limits from OSHA, NIOSH, and ACGIH rows.
SOURCE
OSHA / NIOSH / ACGIH occupational exposure limits
5 records
| Agency | Metric | Value | ppm | mg/m3 | Skin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OSHA | TWA | 0.01 mg/m³ | - | 0.01 | - |
| NIOSH | TWA | 0.01 mg/m³ | - | 0.01 | - |
| ACGIH | TWA | Silver and compounds, metal, dust and fume: 0.1 mg/m³, Soluble compounds as Ag: 0.01 mg/m³ [1992] | - | 0.1 | - |
| CAL/OSHA | TWA | 0.01 mg/m³ | - | 0.01 | - |
| NIOSH | IDLH | 10 mg/m³ | - | 10 | - |
Functional Uses
Industrial and product-use categories associated with this substance.
SOURCE
EPA CPDat
60 records
DyeBiocideDeodorizerSoftener and conditionerSurface modifierCatalystPlating agent
Regulatory Lists
Inventory, screening, and regulatory list matches from public chemical databases.
SOURCE
EPA CPDat
52 records
| List | Keyword | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Arts and crafts/Office supplies - body paint - tattoo ink; detected; Europe | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| Arts and crafts/Office supplies - body paint - tattoo ink; detected; Europe | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| Arts and crafts/Office supplies - body paint - tattoo ink; detected; Europe | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| Arts and crafts/Office supplies - body paint - tattoo ink; detected; Europe | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| Arts and crafts/Office supplies - body paint - tattoo ink; detected; Europe | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| Arts and crafts/Office supplies - body paint - tattoo ink; detected; Europe | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| Arts and crafts/Office supplies - body paint - tattoo ink; detected; Europe | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | California Department of Pesticide Regulation | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | MN Department of Agriculture Pesticide Sales Database | CPCat |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | MN Department of Agriculture Pesticide Sales Database | CPCat |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | MN Department of Agriculture Pesticide Sales Database | CPCat |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | MN Department of Agriculture Pesticide Sales Database | CPCat |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | MN Department of Agriculture Pesticide Sales Database | CPCat |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | MN Department of Agriculture Pesticide Sales Database | CPCat |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | MN Department of Agriculture Pesticide Sales Database | CPCat |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | MN Department of Agriculture Pesticide Sales Database | CPCat |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | MN Department of Agriculture Pesticide Sales Database | CPCat |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | MN Department of Agriculture Pesticide Sales Database | CPCat |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | MN Department of Agriculture Pesticide Sales Database | CPCat |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | MN Department of Agriculture Pesticide Sales Database | CPCat |
| Personal care | FDA | United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) |
| CEDI | FDA | United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) |
| active_ingredient; Europe; Pesticides | Commission of the European Communities | CPCat |
NOAEL Studies
Toxicology endpoints rendered from public NOAEL study rows.
SOURCE
NOAEL studies
Showing 50 of 100 studies
| Value | Unit | Endpoint | Route | Species | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| - | - | - | oral | - | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 0.00056 | mg/kg bw/d | - | oral | human | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 0.0045 | mg/kg bw/d | - | oral | rat | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 0.0045 | mg/kg bw/d | - | oral | rat | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 0.0045 | mg/kg bw/d | - | oral | rat | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 0.0045 | mg/kg bw/d | - | oral | - | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 0.0045 | mg/kg bw/d | - | oral | - | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 0.0065 | mg/kg bw/d | - | oral | human | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 0.05 | mg/kg | - | oral | human | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 0.5 | % | - | oral | rat | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 1 | - | - | - | - | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 1 | - | - | - | - | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 1 | - | - | - | - | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 9 | - | - | oral | rat | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 10 | - | - | oral | human | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 13 | % | - | oral | human | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 30 | - | - | - | - | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 40 | - | - | - | - | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 41 | - | - | oral | rat | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 43 | - | - | oral | - | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 45 | - | - | oral | - | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 70 | - | - | oral | human | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 78 | - | - | oral | rat | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 200 | mg/kg bw/day | - | oral | rat | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 250 | mg/kg | - | oral | dog | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 250 | mg/kg bw/day | - | oral | dog | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 500 | mg/kg bw/day | - | oral | rat | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 1000 | mg/kg | - | oral | rat | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 1000 | mg/kg bw/day | - | oral | rat | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 1000 | mg/kg bw/day | - | oral | rat | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 12500 | ppm | - | oral | rat | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 25500 | - | - | oral | human | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| =0.008 | mg/m3 | DNEL local | inhalation | Human | ToxValDB_GESTIS_DNEL |
| 3M4G523W1G | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| 3M4G523W1G | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| 3M4G523W1G | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| 3M4G523W1G | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| Q3A5NLA4B5 | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| Q3A5NLA4B5 | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| Q3A5NLA4B5 | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| Q3A5NLA4B5 | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| >0.0008 | mg/L | LC50 | Inhalation | - | NTP_ICE_acute_inhalation |
| >5.16 | mg/L | LC50 | Inhalation | - | NTP_ICE_acute_inhalation |
| =0.8 | mg/m3 | LEL | inhalation | Rat | ToxValDB_EPA_TSCA_8e |
| =2 | mg/m3 | LEL | inhalation | Rat | ToxValDB_EPA_TSCA_8e |
| =10.2 | mg/m3 | LEL | inhalation | Rat | ToxValDB_EPA_TSCA_8e |
| =0.014 | mg/kg bw/day | LOAEL | oral | Human | ToxValDB_IRIS |
| =0.014 | mg/kg/day | LOAEL | oral | - | EPA_IRIS_iris_rfd_systems.csv |
| =4 | mg/kg bw/day | LOAEL | oral | Rat | ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID |
| >=40 | mg/kg bw/day | LOAEL | oral | Rat | ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID |
Showing 50 of 100 studies
REACH Registration
Registration status from the ECHA REACH registered substances database.
SOURCE
ECHA (EU)
1 records
| Status | Name | EC Number | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| Registered | Silver | 231-131-3 | ECHA overview → |
EPA Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
TRI hazard and reporting flags for the matched chemical.
SOURCE
EPA Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) chemical list
1 records
| Chemical | Category | Flags |
|---|---|---|
| Silver | - | - |
Australian Status (AICIS)
Australian industrial chemicals inventory status and applicable conditions.
SOURCE
AICIS inventory
1 records
Inventory Status
listed
SCCS Opinions
EU Scientific Committee opinions tied to the matched substance.
SOURCE
EU SCCS
2 opinions
| Opinion | Date | Conclusion | Max Conc. | Concerns |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SCCS/1665/24 | 20 June 2024 | not safe (general cosmetic use); safe in specific products | Eye shadow: 0.2%; Lip balm: 0.2%; Toothpaste/mouthwash: 0.05%; Shampoo: 0.2% | Toxic for reproduction Cat.2 classification; micron-sized particulate silver; reproductive/developmental toxicity; safe only in specific product types at defined concentrations |
| SCCS/1596/18 | 24-25 October 2018 | insufficient data | Not determined (assessed up to 1%) | Major data gaps; inadequate physicochemical characterisation; presence of ionic silver in final products; insufficient toxicological data |
Cosmetic Safety Profile
Same-CAS cosmetic ingredient record for cross-vertical context.
SOURCE
CosIng / Ingredients DB
EU Status
prohibited
Max
Nano silver particles prohibited under EU Omnibus VIII (Regulation EU 2024/2564); compliance deadline 1 May 2026
Category
active
Pharmaceutical Data
Same-CAS pharmaceutical records from drug and bioactivity sources.
SOURCE
EMBL-EBI ChEMBL
ChEMBL Phase
Not listed
Adverse Events
16
Bioactivity
0
Food Safety Data
Same-CAS food additive, ADI, and GRAS records where available.
SOURCE
EFSA / FDA GRAS
1 records
E174 — ADI: DECISION POSTPONED mg/kg bw
View full food safety profile →Cannabis Data
Same-CAS cannabis compliance and lab records where available.
SOURCE
Cannabis regulatory / lab data
efsa substances
1 cannabis record found in efsa substances.
View full cannabis profile →Frequently Asked Questions
What is the NOAEL for Silver?
Silver has 100 NOAEL studies in the database. The lowest reported value is 0 mg/kg bw/day via oral. Source: UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies.
What regulatory lists include Silver?
Silver appears on 11 regulatory/inventory lists including Arts and crafts/Office supplies - body paint - tattoo ink; detected; Europe, active_ingredient; Pesticides, Personal care, and 8 more. Source: EPA CPDat.
What are the occupational exposure limits for Silver?
Occupational exposure limits for Silver are set by OSHA, NIOSH, ACGIH. 5 limit values from official agencies are documented in the database. Source: OSHA, NIOSH, ACGIH.
Is Silver used in cosmetics?
Yes, Silver is also indexed as a cosmetic ingredient under the name Colloidal Silver. View the full cosmetic safety profile on the ingredient page for detailed safety data, SCCS opinions, and regulatory status.
Where does the safety data for Silver come from?
Safety data is sourced from ECHA CLP Annex VI, EPA ToxValDB, EPA CPDat, AICIS (Australian Industrial Chemicals Introduction Scheme), EPA DSSTox, ECHA REACH, ILO/WHO ICSC, OSHA/NIOSH/ACGIH, EPA Toxics Release Inventory, CosIng / Ingredients DB, ChEMBL / DailyMed, EFSA / FDA GRAS, cannabis regulatory/lab databases. All data traces to primary regulatory sources and is updated from official government databases.
Does Silver have different safety status in cosmetics vs industrial chemicals?
Silver is prohibited in EU cosmetics at max Nano silver particles prohibited under EU Omnibus VIII (Regulation EU 2024/2564); compliance deadline 1 May 2026 but has active industrial GHS classifications (H361f, H373, H400, H410).
Is Silver used outside industrial chemicals?
Silver also appears in cosmetics, pharmaceutical, food safety, cannabis databases.