Also known as: Pb, CI pigment metal 4, EINECS 231-100-4, Omaha & grant, UNII-2P299V784P (+9 more)
CAS 7439-92-1
Lead (CAS 7439-92-1) is a chemical substance with GHS signal word Danger; key hazard signal: H360FD; H362; H400; H410. Key regulatory status: SVHC Candidate List, REACH registered, 60 regulatory/inventory lists; source data from ECHA CLP, EPA ToxValDB, EPA CPDat, AICIS, IARC, ECHA REACH, ECHA SVHC, ILO ICSC, OSHA, EPA TRI.
CAS, identifiers, formula, and alternate names for the matched substance record.
Carcinogenic hazard classification from IARC monograph evaluations.
| Group | Meaning | Evaluated | Volume |
|---|---|---|---|
| Group 2B | Possibly carcinogenic | 1987 | 23, Sup 7 |
Candidate List status and reason under the ECHA REACH SVHC program.
| Substance | Reason | Included |
|---|---|---|
| Lead | Toxic for reproduction (Article 57c) | 27-Jun-2018 |
EU harmonized hazard classification, hazard statements, pictograms, and signal word.
| Hazard Class | H-Statements | Pictograms | Signal |
|---|---|---|---|
| Repr. 1A; Lact.; Aquatic Acute 1; Aquatic Chronic 1 | H360FD; H362; H400; H410 | GHS08; GHS09 | Danger |
| Repr. 1A; Lact.; Aquatic Chronic 1 | H360FD; H362; H410 | GHS08; GHS09 | Danger |
International Chemical Safety Card hazard and exposure summary.
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| GHS Signal Word | DANGER |
| GHS Hazard Statements | Suspected of causing cancer May damage fertility or the unborn child May cause harm to breast-fed children Causes damage to organs Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects |
| Short-term Effects | Inhalation of high concentrations may cause effects on multiple organs. See Acute Hazards/Symptoms. |
| Long-term Effects | The substance may have effects on the blood, bone marrow, nervous system and kidneys. This may result in anaemia, encephalopathy (for example, convulsions), peripheral nerve disease, abdominal cramps, kidney impairment, cardiovascular disorders and hearing loss. See Notes. This substance is possibly carcinogenic to humans. Causes toxicity to human reproduction or development. |
| Routes of Exposure | The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation and by ingestion. |
Occupational exposure limits from OSHA, NIOSH, and ACGIH rows.
| Agency | Metric | Value | ppm | mg/m3 | Skin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OSHA | TWA | 0.05 mg/m³ [0.03 mg/m³ Action Level] | - | 0.05 | N |
| NIOSH | TWA | 0.05 mg/m³ | - | 0.05 | N |
| ACGIH | TWA | 0.05 mg/m³ (Lead and inorganic compounds, as Pb) [1991] | - | 0.05 | N |
| CAL/OSHA | TWA | 0.05 mg/m³ (Lead, metallic and inorganic compounds), dust and fume, (as Pb) | - | 0.05 | N |
| NIOSH | IDLH | 100 mg/m³ | - | 100 | - |
Industrial and product-use categories associated with this substance.
Inventory, screening, and regulatory list matches from public chemical databases.
| List | Keyword | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Europe; nondetect; Toys and children's products | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| detected; Europe; Other direct contact consumer goods | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| detected; Europe; Other direct contact consumer goods | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| Arts and crafts/Office supplies - body paint - tattoo ink; detected; Europe | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| Arts and crafts/Office supplies - body paint - tattoo ink; detected; Europe | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| Arts and crafts/Office supplies - body paint - tattoo ink; detected; Europe | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| Arts and crafts/Office supplies - body paint - tattoo ink; detected; Europe | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| Arts and crafts/Office supplies - body paint - tattoo ink; detected; Europe | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| Arts and crafts/Office supplies - body paint - tattoo ink; detected; Europe | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| Arts and crafts/Office supplies - body paint - tattoo ink; detected; Europe | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| Arts and crafts/Office supplies - body paint - tattoo ink; detected; Europe | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| detected; Toys and children's products | Springer | Published Articles |
| Arts and crafts/Office supplies - children's art and toys - modeling clay; detected | Springer | Published Articles |
| detected; Toys and children's products | Journal of Environmental Science and Health | Published Articles |
| detected; Toys and children's products | Environmental Science & Technology | Published Articles |
| detected; Toys and children's products | Environmental Science & Technology | Published Articles |
| Arts and crafts/Office supplies - children's art and toys - crayons; detected | Environmental Science & Technology | Published Articles |
| artificial_sweat; detected; emissions; Europe; Other direct contact consumer goods | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| nondetect; Toys and children's products | Environmental Science & Technology | Published Articles |
| nondetect; Other indirect contact consumer goods | Danish EPA | Danish EPA |
| OEHHA Proposition 65 (3/2019) | STATE OF CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY | OEHHA Proposition 65 List |
| detected; Europe; Personal care - make-up and related - eye liner | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| Arts and crafts/Office supplies - body paint; detected; Europe | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| Arts and crafts/Office supplies - general arts and crafts supplies - arts and crafts paint; detected; Europe | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| detected; Europe; Other direct contact consumer goods | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| Arts and crafts/Office supplies - general arts and crafts supplies - arts and crafts paint; detected; Europe | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| Cleaning products and household care - laundry and fabric treatment - laundry stain remover; detected; Europe | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| Cleaning products and household care - laundry and fabric treatment - laundry stain remover; detected; Europe | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| Cleaning products and household care - laundry and fabric treatment - laundry stain remover; detected; Europe | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| Australia; Food and drug - smoking-related products | New Zealand ESR | CPCat |
| Construction and building materials; detected | the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Ecology Center, & the University of Notre Dame | Healthy Stuff |
| Construction and building materials; detected | the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Ecology Center, & the University of Notre Dame | Healthy Stuff |
| Construction and building materials; detected | the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Ecology Center, & the University of Notre Dame | Healthy Stuff |
| detected; Israel; Toys and children's products | Chemosphere | Published Articles |
| - | Environmental Research | Published Articles |
| detected; drinking_water; MN Chemical Screening | EPA & USGS | State of Minnesota |
| detected; drinking_water; MN Chemical Screening | EPA & USGS | State of Minnesota |
| detected; drinking_water; MN Chemical Screening | EPA & USGS | State of Minnesota |
| detected; drinking_water; MN Chemical Screening | EPA & USGS | State of Minnesota |
| detected; drinking_water; MN Chemical Screening | USGS | State of Minnesota |
Toxicology endpoints rendered from public NOAEL study rows.
| Value | Unit | Endpoint | Route | Species | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2P299V784P | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| 2P299V784P | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| 2P299V784P | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| 2P299V784P | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| 2B | IARC group | IARC carcinogenicity classification | - | - | IARC Monographs |
| 2 | unitless | IARC group | - | - | NTP_ICE_cancer |
| =0.02 | mg/kg bw/day | LOAEL | - | Human | INCHEM_WHO_pims_chemical_inorglea |
| =0.02 | mg/kg bw/day | LOAEL | - | Human | INCHEM_WHO_pims_chemical_inorglea |
| =0.02 | mg/kg bw/day | LOAEL | - | Human | INCHEM_WHO_pims_chemical_inorglea |
| =0.02 | mg/kg bw/day | LOAEL | - | Human | INCHEM_WHO_pims_chemical_inorglea |
| =0.1 | mg/L | LOAEL | - | - | INCHEM_WHO_pims_chemical_inorglea |
| =0.1 | mg/L | LOAEL | - | - | INCHEM_WHO_pims_chemical_inorglea |
| =0.1 | mg/L | LOAEL | - | - | INCHEM_WHO_pims_chemical_inorglea |
| =0.1 | mg/L | LOAEL | - | - | INCHEM_WHO_pims_chemical_inorglea |
| =1 | ug/dL blood | RfD | oral | Human | ToxValDB_Cal_OEHHA |
Showing 15 of 15 studies
Registration status from the ECHA REACH registered substances database.
| Status | Name | EC Number | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| Registered | Lead | 231-100-4 | ECHA overview → |
TRI hazard and reporting flags for the matched chemical.
| Chemical | Category | Flags |
|---|---|---|
| Lead | - | - |
Australian industrial chemicals inventory status and applicable conditions.
Same-CAS food additive, ADI, and GRAS records where available.
ADI: 1 mg/kg bw
View full food safety profile →Same-CAS cannabis compliance and lab records where available.
5 cannabis records found in cannabis contaminant tests (heavy_metal) across Massachusetts.
View full cannabis profile →Lead (CAS 7439-92-1) is classified under EU CLP Annex VI as Repr. 1A; Lact.; Aquatic Acute 1; Aquatic Chronic 1 with signal word Danger. Hazard statements: H360FD; H362; H400; H410. Source: EU CLP Annex VI (ECHA).
Lead has 15 NOAEL studies in the database. The lowest reported value is 2P299V784P UNII. Source: openFDA substances.
Lead appears on 27 regulatory/inventory lists including Europe; nondetect; Toys and children's products, detected; Europe; Other direct contact consumer goods, Arts and crafts/Office supplies - body paint - tattoo ink; detected; Europe, and 24 more. Source: EPA CPDat.
Lead is classified by IARC as Group 2B — possibly carcinogenic to humans (evaluated 1987). Source: IARC Monographs on the Identification of Carcinogenic Hazards to Humans.
Yes, Lead is listed on the ECHA REACH Candidate List as a Substance of Very High Concern. Reason: Toxic for reproduction (Article 57c). Source: ECHA SVHC Candidate List.
Occupational exposure limits for Lead are set by OSHA, NIOSH, ACGIH. 5 limit values from official agencies are documented in the database. Source: OSHA, NIOSH, ACGIH.
Safety data is sourced from ECHA CLP Annex VI, EPA ToxValDB, EPA CPDat, AICIS (Australian Industrial Chemicals Introduction Scheme), EPA DSSTox, IARC Monographs, ECHA REACH, ECHA SVHC Candidate List, ILO/WHO ICSC, OSHA/NIOSH/ACGIH, EPA Toxics Release Inventory, EFSA / FDA GRAS, cannabis regulatory/lab databases. All data traces to primary regulatory sources and is updated from official government databases.
Lead also appears in food safety, cannabis databases.