EFSA toxicology reference values
d-limonene
SOURCE
efsa openfoodtox 3 0 export repository
d-limonene (CAS 5989-27-5). Cannabis testing data across 0 states. Action levels when present, testing requirements, compliance status.
d-limonene is a cannabis analyte contaminant represented in the cannabis public dataset.
CAS 5989-27-5
Cannabis Analyte
Substance Identity
Analyte identity and classification used for this cannabis substance page.
SOURCE
efsa substances
Analyte name
d-limonene
CAS number
5989-27-5
Contaminant class
Cannabis Analyte
Contaminant Class Badge
Color-coded cannabis class signal for scanning pesticide, metal, solvent, mycotoxin, and potency pages.
SOURCE
State Cannabis Regulations
Cannabis Analyte
Cannabis contaminant class used to group state testing rows.
Dataset Snapshot
Compact public-data summary for page quality, state coverage, lab rows, and potency sample groups.
SOURCE
cannabis page data
Quality score
2
thin
Jurisdictions
0
No state rows
Lab/analyte rows
0
0 failed (-)
Potency samples
0
5989-27-5
EFSA Substance Identity
EFSA substance identity rows matched by chemical name or CAS.
SOURCE
efsa openfoodtox 3 0 export repository
d-limonene
CAS 5989-27-5 / mono-constituent substance
C10H16 / 6 dossier(s)
EFSA Reference Values
Reference values from efsa_reference_values_v2 for toxicology and food-safety context.
SOURCE
efsa openfoodtox 3 0 export repository
| Descriptor | Value | Population | Endpoint | Body |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MTD | 22 mg/kg | cat | 6669dc60-e651-4852-b956-49e687ab6ba9 | - |
| TTC Cramer Class I | 30 µg/kg bw/day | consumers | - | - |
| TTC Cramer Class I | 30 µg/kg bw/day | consumers | - | - |
| TTC Cramer Class I | 30 µg/kg bw/day | consumers | - | - |
| margin of safety | - | consumers | - | - |
| margin of safety | - | consumers | - | - |
| Not deemed necessary | - | consumers | - | - |
| margin of safety | - | consumers | - | - |
EFSA Study Results
Endpoint-level study rows from efsa_study_results matched to this substance.
SOURCE
efsa openfoodtox 3 0 export repository
| Endpoint | Species | Route | Effect | Assessment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chronic toxicity: oral | rat | oral: gavage | 215 other: | - |
| additional toxicological information | - | - | - | - |
| additional toxicological information | - | - | - | - |
| additional toxicological information | - | - | - | - |
| Carcinogenicity_EU_PPP | - | - | - | The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) asked the Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes, Flavourings and Processing Aids (the Panel) to advise the Commission on the implications for human health of chemically defined flavouring substances used in or on foodstuffs in the Member States. In particular, the Panel was requested to evaluate 37 flavouring substances in the Flavouring Group Evaluation 25, Revision 2 (FGE.25Rev2), using the Procedure as referred to in the Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000. These 37 flavouring substances belong to chemical group 31, Annex I of the Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000. The 37 candidate substances are aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, which have been divided into eight subgroups: I) acyclic alkanes, II) acyclic alkenes, III) cyclohexene hydrocarbons, IVa) benzene hydrocarbons, IVb) napthalene hydrocarbons, IVc) diphenylmethane, V) bi- and tricyclic, nonaromatic hydrocarbons and VI) macrocyclic, non-aromatic hydrocarbons. The present substance supports the evaluation of the candidate substances. |
| Carcinogenicity_EU_PPP | - | - | - | The Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food (the Panel) is asked to advise the Commission on the implications for human health of chemically defined flavouring substances used in or on foodstuffs in the Member States. In particular the Scientific Panel is requested to consider the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (the JECFA) evaluations of flavouring substances assessed since 2000, and to decide whether no further evaluation is necessary, as laid down in Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000. These flavouring substances are listed in the Register, which was adopted by Commission Decision 1999/217/EC, and its consecutive amendments. The present consideration deals with 24 aliphatic, alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by the JECFA at their 63rd meeting. The Panel concluded that the 24 substances in the JECFA flavouring are structurally related to the group of 32 aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) in the Flavouring Group Evaluation 25 (FGE.25). |
| Carcinogenicity_EU_PPP | - | - | - | EFSA shall deliver an opinion on the safety for the target animal(s), consumer, user and the environment and the efficacy of the product FRESTA F (minimum 0.35% carvone). |
| Carcinogenicity_EU_PPP | - | - | - | Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of 17 compounds (aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons belonging to chemical group 31) when used as flavourings for all animal species. The current application has been divided during the course of the assessment, and the present opinion concerns only nine of the compounds, namely 1-isopropyl-4-methylbenzene [01.002], terpinolene [01.005], alpha-phellandrene [01.006], 1-isopropenyl-4-methylbenzene [01.010], 1,4(8),12-bisabolatriene [01.016], alpha-terpinene [01.019], gamma-terpinene [01.020], D-limonene [01.045] and L-limonene [01.046]. The remaining eight compounds are currently under assessment by the EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes, Flavourings and Processing Aids (CEF) in a separate opinion. |
| Carcinogenicity_EU_PPP | - | - | - | Following a request from the European Commission the EFSA CEF Panel was asked to deliver scientific opinion on the implications for human health of chemically defined flavouring substances used in or on foodstuffs in the Member States. In particular, the CEF Panel was requested to consider the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (the JECFA) evaluations of flavouring substances assessed since 2000, and to decide whether no further evaluation is necessary, as laid down in Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000. These flavouring substances are listed in the Register, which was adopted by Commission Decision 1999/217/EC and its consecutive amendments. The present revision of FGE.78, FGE.78Rev2, includes the assessment of additional available toxicity data for beta-caryophyllene [FL-no: 01.007] and myrcene [FL-no: 01.008]. The data provided are for both substances a new 90-day study. Furthermore, new short term study and genotoxicity data have been provided for [FL-no: 01.007]. In addition, since the publication of FGE.78Rev1, two ([FL-no: 01.011 and 01.013]) of the 24 substances are no longer supported for use as flavouring substances in Europe by Industry. Moreover, [FL-no: 01.014] is in the process of being deleted from the Union List. Accordingly, FGE.78Rev2 only deals with 21 substances. |
| Carcinogenicity_EU_PPP | - | - | - | The Scientific Panel on Food Food Contact Materials, Enzymes, Flavourings and Processing Aids (the Panel) was asked to provide scientific advice to the Commission on the implications for human health of chemically defined flavouring substances used in or on foodstuffs in the Member States. In particular, the Panel was requested to consider the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (the JECFA) evaluations of flavouring substances assessed since 2000, and to decide whether no further evaluation is necessary, as laid down in Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000. These flavouring substances are listed in the Register, which was adopted by Commission Decision 1999/217 EC and its consecutive amendments. The present consideration concerns 24 aliphatic, alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by the JECFA (65th meeting). The Panel concluded that the 24 substances are structurally related to the group of 37 aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by EFSA in the Flavouring Group Evaluation 25, Revision 2 (FGE.25Rev2). |
| Genetic Toxicity | - | - | - | The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) asked the Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes, Flavourings and Processing Aids (the Panel) to advise the Commission on the implications for human health of chemically defined flavouring substances used in or on foodstuffs in the Member States. In particular, the Panel was requested to evaluate 37 flavouring substances in the Flavouring Group Evaluation 25, Revision 2 (FGE.25Rev2), using the Procedure as referred to in the Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000. These 37 flavouring substances belong to chemical group 31, Annex I of the Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000. The 37 candidate substances are aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, which have been divided into eight subgroups: I) acyclic alkanes, II) acyclic alkenes, III) cyclohexene hydrocarbons, IVa) benzene hydrocarbons, IVb) napthalene hydrocarbons, IVc) diphenylmethane, V) bi- and tricyclic, nonaromatic hydrocarbons and VI) macrocyclic, non-aromatic hydrocarbons. The present substance supports the evaluation of the candidate substances. |
| Genetic Toxicity | - | - | - | Following a request from the European Commission the EFSA CEF Panel was asked to deliver scientific opinion on the implications for human health of chemically defined flavouring substances used in or on foodstuffs in the Member States. In particular, the CEF Panel was requested to consider the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (the JECFA) evaluations of flavouring substances assessed since 2000, and to decide whether no further evaluation is necessary, as laid down in Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000. These flavouring substances are listed in the Register, which was adopted by Commission Decision 1999/217/EC and its consecutive amendments. The present revision of FGE.78, FGE.78Rev2, includes the assessment of additional available toxicity data for beta-caryophyllene [FL-no: 01.007] and myrcene [FL-no: 01.008]. The data provided are for both substances a new 90-day study. Furthermore, new short term study and genotoxicity data have been provided for [FL-no: 01.007]. In addition, since the publication of FGE.78Rev1, two ([FL-no: 01.011 and 01.013]) of the 24 substances are no longer supported for use as flavouring substances in Europe by Industry. Moreover, [FL-no: 01.014] is in the process of being deleted from the Union List. Accordingly, FGE.78Rev2 only deals with 21 substances. |
Cross-Reference to Chemicals / Cosmetics / Food
Internal cross-vertical links connecting cannabis rows to chemical, cosmetics, and EFSA food/toxicology context.
SOURCE
core public cross-reference
Frequently Asked Questions
FAQ answers are generated from the same fetched cannabis, EFSA, cosmetics, and chemical rows rendered above.
SOURCE
page FAQ dataset
What is the regulatory limit for d-limonene in cannabis?
d-limonene does not have a numeric cannabis_contaminant_tests range in the fetched page data. The current page query does not expose a separate action-limit column.
Which states test for d-limonene?
d-limonene does not have state-level cannabis testing rows in the fetched page data.
What are the EFSA reference values for d-limonene?
d-limonene has 8 EFSA OpenFoodTox reference value rows in the cannabis database, including MTD, TTC Cramer Class I, margin of safety, Not deemed necessary.
Is d-limonene also regulated in cosmetics or food?
d-limonene has a cosmetics ingredient cross-reference with EU status restricted. EFSA food/toxicology context is available on this page.