Food Safety Substance
AluminiumE173
Aluminium (E173) is a food additive with PUBLISHED in the EU, Not approved for food in the US, and data from 9 regulatory sources.
CAS 7429-90-5
E173
colorant
Indexable evidence set
FDA
Not approved for food
ADI / TDI
EFSA ADI = 0.3 mg/kg bw/day
Codex
33 row(s)
SOURCE
D1 identity resolution
e number aliases | Food Additives | dsstox identifiers | 9 matched regulatory source group(s)
Substance Identity
Resolved identifiers used to render this food-safety record.
Substance name
Aluminium
CAS
7429-90-5
E-number
E173
Food category
colorant
PubChem CID
5359268
Evidence tier
Indexable evidence set (15)
SOURCE
EU Commission
FDA | Health Canada | Codex Alimentarius
Multi-Jurisdiction Comparison
Side-by-side status rows for the same resolved substance across public food regulators.
| Jurisdiction | Authority | Status | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| European Union | EU Commission | PUBLISHED | EU additive listing; Annex II entry |
| Codex | Codex Alimentarius | Listed | Firming agent |
SOURCE
EU Commission
EU Food Additives | EU Food Additives Database
EU Food Additive Status
EU Commission food-additive listing rows from eu_food_additives.
| Jurisdiction | E-number | Status | Type | Name | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| European Union | E173 | PUBLISHED | substanceFAD | Aluminium | - |
| European Union | E1452 | PUBLISHED | substanceFAD | Starch Aluminium Octenyl Succinate | - |
| European Union | E554 | PUBLISHED | substanceFAD | Sodium aluminium silicate | - |
| European Union | E555 | PUBLISHED | substanceFAD | Potassium aluminium silicate | - |
| European Union | E556 | PUBLISHED | substanceFAD | Calcium aluminium silicate | - |
| European Union | E559 | PUBLISHED | substanceFAD | Aluminium silicate (Kaolin) | - |
| European Union | E520 | PUBLISHED | substanceFAD | Aluminium sulphate | - |
| European Union | E173 | PUBLISHED | group | Aluminium sulphates | - |
| European Union | E521 | PUBLISHED | substanceFAD | Aluminium sodium sulphate | - |
| European Union | E522 | PUBLISHED | substanceFAD | Aluminium potassium sulphate | - |
| European Union | E523 | PUBLISHED | substanceFAD | Aluminium ammonium sulphate | - |
| European Union | E541 | PUBLISHED | substanceFAD | Sodium aluminium phosphate acidic | - |
SOURCE
EU Commission
EU Annex II Authorised | EU Food Additives Database
EU Annex II Authorised Uses
Authorised additive rows and use conditions from EU Annex II tables.
| Jurisdiction | E-number | Name | INS | Policy item | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| European Union | E173 | Aluminium | - | POL-FAD-IMPORT-3022 | - |
| European Union | E520 | Aluminium sulphate | - | POL-FAD-IMPORT-3215 | - |
| European Union | - | Aluminium sulphates | - | POL-FAD-IMPORT-3216 | - |
| European Union | E521 | Aluminium sodium sulphate | - | POL-FAD-IMPORT-3217 | - |
| European Union | E522 | Aluminium potassium sulphate | - | POL-FAD-IMPORT-3218 | - |
| European Union | E523 | Aluminium ammonium sulphate | - | POL-FAD-IMPORT-3219 | - |
| European Union | E541 | Sodium aluminium phosphate acidic | - | POL-FAD-IMPORT-3232 | - |
| European Union | E554 | Sodium aluminium silicate | - | POL-FAD-IMPORT-3238 | - |
| European Union | E555 | Potassium aluminium silicate | - | POL-FAD-IMPORT-3239 | - |
| European Union | E556 | Calcium aluminium silicate | - | POL-FAD-IMPORT-3240 | - |
| European Union | E559 | Aluminium silicate (Kaolin) | - | POL-FAD-IMPORT-3242 | - |
| European Union | E1452 | Starch Aluminium Octenyl Succinate | - | POL-FAD-IMPORT-3326 | - |
Conditions and restrictions
| Jurisdiction | Food category | Restriction | Comment | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| European Union | 5.4 Decorations, coatings and fillings, except fruit-based fillings covered by category 4.2.4 | quantum satis | only external coating of sugar confectionery for the decoration of cakes and pastries | EU Annex II Union List |
| European Union | 5.4 Decorations, coatings and fillings, except fruit-based fillings covered by category 4.2.4 | quantum satis | only external coating of sugar confectionery for the decoration of cakes and pastries | EU Food Additives Database |
SOURCE
Codex Alimentarius
Codex GSFA
Codex GSFA Status
Codex Alimentarius GSFA permissions and maximum-use rows.
| Jurisdiction | INS / E-number | Function | Food category | Max level | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Codex | 520 | Firming agent | Table 3 Foods in General (GMP) | GMP | Table 3 additive - GMP in foods in general |
| Codex | 523 | Acidity regulator; Colour retention agent; Firming agent; Raising agent; Stabilizer | 04.2.2.3 Vegetables (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), and seaweeds in vinegar, oil, brine, or soybean sauce | 520 mg/kg | As aluminium.; Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Table Olives (CODEX STAN 66-1981).; Except for use in perilla in brine at 780 mg/kg.; For use in pickled... |
| Codex | 523 | Acidity regulator; Colour retention agent; Firming agent; Raising agent; Stabilizer | 06.4.1 Fresh pastas and noodles and like products | 300 mg/kg | As aluminium.; For use in kuzukiri and harusame only. |
| Codex | 523 | Acidity regulator; Colour retention agent; Firming agent; Raising agent; Stabilizer | 07.1.2 Crackers, excluding sweet crackers | 100 mg/kg | As aluminium.; Singly or in combination: aluminium ammonium sulfate (INS 523) and sodium aluminium phosphates (acidic and basic; (INS 541(i),(ii)). |
| Codex | 523 | Acidity regulator; Colour retention agent; Firming agent; Raising agent; Stabilizer | 07.1.3 Other ordinary bakery products (e.g. bagels, pita, English muffins) | 100 mg/kg | For use in biscuit dough only.; As aluminium.; Singly or in combination: aluminium ammonium sulfate (INS 523) and sodium aluminium phosphates (acidic and basic; (INS 541(i),(ii)). |
| Codex | 523 | Acidity regulator; Colour retention agent; Firming agent; Raising agent; Stabilizer | 07.1.5 Steamed breads and buns | 40 mg/kg | As aluminium.; Singly or in combination: aluminium ammonium sulfate (INS 523) and sodium aluminium phosphates (acidic and basic; (INS 541(i),(ii)).; For use as a raising agent... |
| Codex | 523 | Acidity regulator; Colour retention agent; Firming agent; Raising agent; Stabilizer | 07.1.6 Mixes for bread and ordinary bakery wares | 40 mg/kg | As aluminium.; For use as a raising agent in mixes for steamed breads and buns only.; Singly or in combination: aluminium ammonium sulfate (INS 523) and sodium aluminium... |
| Codex | 523 | Acidity regulator; Colour retention agent; Firming agent; Raising agent; Stabilizer | 09.2.4.2 Cooked mollusks, crustaceans, and echinoderms | 200 mg/kg | For use in boiled mollusks and tsukudani only.; As aluminium. |
| Codex | 541(i) | Acidity regulator; Emulsifier; Raising agent; Stabilizer | 01.6.4 Processed cheese | 1,600 mg/kg | For use in processed American cheese only.; As aluminium. [Group: SODIUM ALUMINIUM PHOSPHATES] |
| Codex | 541(i) | Acidity regulator; Emulsifier; Raising agent; Stabilizer | 06.2.1 Flours | 1,600 mg/kg | Excluding products conforming to the Regional Standard for Edible Sago Flour (Asia) (CXS 301R-2011).; Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Wheat Flour (CXS... |
| Codex | 541(i) | Acidity regulator; Emulsifier; Raising agent; Stabilizer | 06.6 Batters (e.g. for breading or batters for fish or poultry) | 1,000 mg/kg | As aluminium. [Group: SODIUM ALUMINIUM PHOSPHATES] |
| Codex | 541(i) | Acidity regulator; Emulsifier; Raising agent; Stabilizer | 07.1.2 Crackers, excluding sweet crackers | 100 mg/kg | Singly or in combination: aluminium ammonium sulfate (INS 523) and sodium aluminium phosphates (acidic and basic; (INS 541(i),(ii)).; As aluminium. [Group: SODIUM ALUMINIUM... |
| Codex | 541(i) | Acidity regulator; Emulsifier; Raising agent; Stabilizer | 07.1.3 Other ordinary bakery products (e.g. bagels, pita, English muffins) | 100 mg/kg | For use in biscuit dough only.; Singly or in combination: aluminium ammonium sulfate (INS 523) and sodium aluminium phosphates (acidic and basic; (INS 541(i),(ii)).; As aluminium.... |
| Codex | 541(i) | Acidity regulator; Emulsifier; Raising agent; Stabilizer | 07.1.5 Steamed breads and buns | 40 mg/kg | Singly or in combination: aluminium ammonium sulfate (INS 523) and sodium aluminium phosphates (acidic and basic; (INS 541(i),(ii)).; For use as a raising agent only.; As... |
| Codex | 541(i) | Acidity regulator; Emulsifier; Raising agent; Stabilizer | 07.1.6 Mixes for bread and ordinary bakery wares | 40 mg/kg | Singly or in combination: aluminium ammonium sulfate (INS 523) and sodium aluminium phosphates (acidic and basic; (INS 541(i),(ii)).; For use as a raising agent in mixes for... |
| Codex | 541(ii) | Acidity regulator; Emulsifier; Raising agent; Stabilizer | 01.6.4 Processed cheese | 1,600 mg/kg | For use in processed American cheese only.; As aluminium. [Group: SODIUM ALUMINIUM PHOSPHATES] |
| Codex | 541(ii) | Acidity regulator; Emulsifier; Raising agent; Stabilizer | 06.2.1 Flours | 1,600 mg/kg | Excluding products conforming to the Regional Standard for Edible Sago Flour (Asia) (CXS 301R-2011).; Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Wheat Flour (CXS... |
| Codex | 541(ii) | Acidity regulator; Emulsifier; Raising agent; Stabilizer | 06.6 Batters (e.g. for breading or batters for fish or poultry) | 1,000 mg/kg | As aluminium. [Group: SODIUM ALUMINIUM PHOSPHATES] |
| Codex | 541(ii) | Acidity regulator; Emulsifier; Raising agent; Stabilizer | 07.1.2 Crackers, excluding sweet crackers | 100 mg/kg | Singly or in combination: aluminium ammonium sulfate (INS 523) and sodium aluminium phosphates (acidic and basic; (INS 541(i),(ii)).; As aluminium. [Group: SODIUM ALUMINIUM... |
| Codex | 541(ii) | Acidity regulator; Emulsifier; Raising agent; Stabilizer | 07.1.3 Other ordinary bakery products (e.g. bagels, pita, English muffins) | 100 mg/kg | For use in biscuit dough only.; Singly or in combination: aluminium ammonium sulfate (INS 523) and sodium aluminium phosphates (acidic and basic; (INS 541(i),(ii)).; As aluminium.... |
| Codex | 541(ii) | Acidity regulator; Emulsifier; Raising agent; Stabilizer | 07.1.5 Steamed breads and buns | 40 mg/kg | Singly or in combination: aluminium ammonium sulfate (INS 523) and sodium aluminium phosphates (acidic and basic; (INS 541(i),(ii)).; For use as a raising agent only.; As... |
| Codex | 541(ii) | Acidity regulator; Emulsifier; Raising agent; Stabilizer | 07.1.6 Mixes for bread and ordinary bakery wares | 40 mg/kg | Singly or in combination: aluminium ammonium sulfate (INS 523) and sodium aluminium phosphates (acidic and basic; (INS 541(i),(ii)).; For use as a raising agent in mixes for... |
| Codex | 554 | Anticaking agent | 01.3.2 Beverage whiteners | 570 mg/kg | For use in powdered beverage whiteners only.; Excluding products conforming to the Standard for a Blend of Evaporated Skimmed Milk and Vegetable Fat (CODEX STAN 250-2006).; As... |
| Codex | 554 | Anticaking agent | 01.5.1 Milk powder and cream powder (plain) | 265 mg/kg | As aluminium.; Singly or in combination: sodium aluminosilicate (INS 554) and calcium aluminium silicate (INS 556). |
| Codex | 554 | Anticaking agent | 01.5.2 Milk and cream powder analogues | 570 mg/kg | As aluminium. |
| Codex | 554 | Anticaking agent | 01.8.2 Dried whey and whey products, excluding whey cheeses | 1,140 mg/kg | As aluminium.; Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Dairy Permeate Powders (CXS 331-2017). |
| Codex | 554 | Anticaking agent | 05.3 Chewing gum | 100 mg/kg | Singly or in combination: sodium aluminosilicate (INS 554), calcium aluminium silicate (INS 556), and aluminium silicate (INS 559).; As aluminium. |
| Codex | 554 | Anticaking agent | 12.1.1 Salt | 1,000 mg/kg | As aluminium.; For use in salt applied to dry salted cheeses during manufacturing only. |
| Codex | 554 | Anticaking agent | 12.2.2 Seasonings and condiments | 1,000 mg/kg | Except for use in seasonings applied to foods in food category 15.1 at 1 700 mg/kg.; As aluminium. |
| Codex | 554 | Anticaking agent | 12.5.2 Mixes for soups and broths | 570 mg/kg | Excluding products conforming to the Codex Standard for Bouillons and Consommés (CODEX STAN 117-1981).; As aluminium. |
| Codex | 554 | Anticaking agent | 12.6.3 Mixes for sauces and gravies | 570 mg/kg | As aluminium. |
| Codex | 556 | Anticaking agent | Table 3 Foods in General (GMP) | GMP | Table 3 additive - GMP in foods in general |
| Codex | 559 | Anticaking agent | Table 3 Foods in General (GMP) | GMP | Table 3 additive - GMP in foods in general |
SOURCE
EU Commission
EU Food Contact Materials
EU FCM Substances
EU food-contact material rows and migration-limit fields.
| Jurisdiction | FCM no. | Ref no. | Substance | Use | SML | Regulation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| European Union | 18 | 34475 | aluminium calcium hydroxide phosphite, hydrate | additive/PPA | - | Regulation (EU) No 10/2011, Annex I |
| European Union | 418 | 34720 | aluminium oxide | additive/PPA | - | Regulation (EU) No 10/2011, Annex I |
| European Union | 501 | 34480 | aluminium fibers, flakes and powders | additive/PPA | - | Regulation (EU) No 10/2011, Annex I |
| European Union | 592 | 34690 | aluminium magnesium carbonate hydroxide | additive/PPA | - | Regulation (EU) No 10/2011, Annex I |
| European Union | 629 | 34560 | aluminium hydroxide | additive/PPA | - | Regulation (EU) No 10/2011, Annex I |
| European Union | 771 | 34650 | aluminium hydroxybis [2,2′-methylenebis (4,6-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphate] | additive/PPA | 5 mg/kg | Regulation (EU) No 10/2011, Annex I |
| European Union | - | - | aluminium potassium sulphate | - | - | Regulation (EC) No 450/2009, Register v1.1 |
| European Union | - | - | chabazite (calcium aluminium silicate) | - | - | Regulation (EC) No 450/2009, Register v1.1 |
SOURCE
JECFA
JECFA ADI
JECFA ADI Values
JECFA ADI records and evaluation years.
| Jurisdiction | Chemical name | JECFA no. | CAS | ADI | ADI upper | Function | Evaluation year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| JECFA | ALUMINIUM CALCIUM SILICATE | - | - | no_data | - | - | 2015 |
| JECFA | ALUMINIUM | - | 7429-90-5 | no_data | - | METALS | 2011 |
| JECFA | ALUMINIUM AMMONIUM SULFATE | - | 7784-25-0 | no_data | - | ACIDITY_REGULATOR, COLOUR_RETENTION_AGENT | 1988 |
| JECFA | ALUMINIUM PALMITATE | - | 555-35-1 | no_data | - | - | 1985 |
| JECFA | ALUMINIUM SULFATE (anhydrous) | - | 10043-01-3 | NO ADI ALLOCATED | - | FIRMING_AGENT | 1978 |
| JECFA | STEARIC ACID (ALUMINIUM, MAGNESIUM) | - | - | no_data | - | - | 1985 |
| JECFA | ALUMINIUM SILICATE | - | 12141-46-7 | NOT SPECIFIED | - | ANTICAKING_AGENT | 2015 |
| JECFA | ALUMINIUM SODIUM SULFATE | - | 10102-71-3 | NO ADI ALLOCATED | - | ACIDITY_REGULATOR, FIRMING_AGENT | 1978 |
| JECFA | ALUMINIUM STEARATE | - | 7047-84-9 | no_data | - | - | 1985 |
| JECFA | CAPRYLIC ACID (ALUMINIUM, MAGNESIUM) | - | - | no_data | - | - | 1985 |
| JECFA | CALCIUM ALUMINIUM SILICATE | - | 1327-39-5 | NOT SPECIFIED | - | ANTICAKING_AGENT | 2015 |
| JECFA | ALUMINIUM CAPRATE | - | - | no_data | - | - | 1985 |
| JECFA | ALUMINIUM CAPRYLATE | - | - | no_data | - | - | 1985 |
| JECFA | ALUMINIUM LAURATE | - | - | no_data | - | - | 1985 |
| JECFA | ALUMINIUM MYRISTATE | - | - | no_data | - | - | 1985 |
| JECFA | ALUMINIUM OLEATE | - | 688-37-9 | no_data | - | - | 1985 |
| JECFA | ALUMINIUM POWDER | - | 7429-90-5 | NO ADI ALLOCATED | - | COLOUR | 1977 |
| JECFA | CARMINE: ALUMINIUM and ALUMINIUM CALCIUM LAKES of CARMINIC ACID | - | 1390-65-4; 1260-17-9 (Carminic acid) | NO ADI ALLOCATED | - | COLOUR | 1977 |
| JECFA | LAURIC ACID (ALUMINIUM, MAGNESIUM) | - | - | no_data | - | - | 1985 |
| JECFA | SODIUM ALUMINIUM PHOSPHATE, basic | - | - | no_data | - | EMULSIFIER | 1988 |
| JECFA | MYRISTIC ACID (ALUMINIUM, MAGNESIUM) | - | - | no_data | - | - | 1985 |
| JECFA | SODIUM ALUMINIUM POLYPHOSPHATE | - | - | NO ADI ALLOCATED | - | FOOD_ADDITIVE | 1985 |
| JECFA | SODIUM ALUMINIUM SILICATE | - | 1344-00-9 | NOT SPECIFIED | - | ANTICAKING_AGENT | 2017 |
| JECFA | ALUMINIUM POTASSIUM SULFATE | - | 10043-67-1 | NO ADI ALLOCATED | - | ACIDITY_REGULATOR, FIRMING_AGENT, RAISING_AGENT | 1978 |
| JECFA | PALMITIC ACID (ALUMINIUM, MAGNESIUM) | - | - | no_data | - | - | 1985 |
SOURCE
ATSDR
ATSDR MRL
ATSDR MRL Data
ATSDR minimal-risk-level rows by route and duration.
| Jurisdiction | Chemical | Route | Duration | MRL | Critical effect | Status | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States | ALUMINUM | Oral | Intermediate | 1 mg/kg/day | Neurol | Final | 2008 |
| United States | ALUMINUM | Oral | Chronic | 1 mg/kg/day | Neurol | Final | 2008 |
SOURCE
ingredients
ghs classifications
Cross-Reference to Cosmetics / Chemicals / Pharma
Same-CAS public rows from adjacent Roots verticals where available.
SOURCE
Cross-vertical comparison
ingredients | ghs classifications
Cross-Vertical Regulatory Divergence
This substance has different regulatory treatment across food, cosmetics, and industrial use.
SOURCE
FAQPage JSON-LD
public food renderer rows
Frequently Asked Questions
Food-use, safety, ADI, and cross-vertical answers mirrored into FAQPage JSON-LD.
What is Aluminium used for in food?
Aluminium appears in food-use rows as: Food colorant; Firming agent.
Is Aluminium / E173 safe?
This page does not assign a standalone safety verdict; it renders public regulatory evidence. ADI/reference value: EFSA ADI = 0.3 mg/kg bw/day. EU status evidence: PUBLISHED. US/FDA evidence: Not approved for food.
What is the ADI for Aluminium?
Aluminium has this ADI/reference value in the food-safety tables: EFSA ADI = 0.3 mg/kg bw/day. Source: EFSA 2022.
Is Aluminium also used in cosmetics?
Aluminium has a same-CAS cosmetics cross-reference: Aluminum Powder (CI 77000), EU status permitted.