Food Safety Substance
Fumaric acidE297
Fumaric acid (E297) is a food additive with PUBLISHED in the EU, GRAS in the US, and data from 9 regulatory sources.
CAS 110-17-8
E297
acid
Indexable evidence set
FDA
GRAS
ADI / TDI
ADI NOT SPECIFIED (1989)
Codex
10 row(s)
SOURCE
D1 identity resolution
e number aliases | Food Additives | dsstox identifiers | 9 matched regulatory source group(s)
Substance Identity
Resolved identifiers used to render this food-safety record.
Substance name
Fumaric acid
CAS
110-17-8
E-number
E297
Food category
acid
DTXSID
DTXSID3021518
PubChem CID
444972
Evidence tier
Indexable evidence set (14)
SOURCE
EU Commission
FDA | Health Canada | Codex Alimentarius
Multi-Jurisdiction Comparison
Side-by-side status rows for the same resolved substance across public food regulators.
| Jurisdiction | Authority | Status | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| European Union | EU Commission | PUBLISHED | EU additive listing; Annex II entry |
| Canada | Health Canada | Listed | Acidity regulator |
| Codex | Codex Alimentarius | Listed | Acidity regulator |
SOURCE
EU Commission
EU Food Additives | EU Food Additives Database
EU Food Additive Status
EU Commission food-additive listing rows from eu_food_additives.
| Jurisdiction | E-number | Status | Type | Name | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| European Union | E297 | PUBLISHED | substanceFAD | Fumaric acid | - |
SOURCE
EU Commission
EU Annex II Authorised | EU Food Additives Database
EU Annex II Authorised Uses
Authorised additive rows and use conditions from EU Annex II tables.
| Jurisdiction | E-number | Name | INS | Policy item | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| European Union | E297 | Fumaric acid | - | POL-FAD-IMPORT-3076 | - |
Conditions and restrictions
| Jurisdiction | Food category | Restriction | Comment | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| European Union | 5.2 Other confectionery including breath freshening micro-sweets | ML 1000 mg/kg | only sugar confectionery | EU Annex II Union List |
| European Union | 5.3 chewing gum | ML 2000 mg/kg | - | EU Annex II Union List |
| European Union | 5.4 Decorations, coatings and fillings, except fruit-based fillings covered by category 4.2.4 | ML 1000 mg/kg | - | EU Annex II Union List |
| European Union | 5.4 Decorations, coatings and fillings, except fruit-based fillings covered by category 4.2.4 | ML 2500 mg/kg | only fillings and toppings for fine bakery ware | EU Annex II Union List |
| European Union | 14.1.4 Flavoured_drinks | ML 1000 mg/l | only instant powders for fruit-based drinks | EU Annex II Union List |
| European Union | 14.1.5.2 other | ML 1000 mg/l | only instant products for preparation of flavoured tea and herbal infusions | EU Annex II Union List |
| European Union | 16 Desserts excluding products covered in category 1 3 and 4 | ML 4000 mg/kg | only gel-like desserts, fruit-flavoured desserts, dry powdered dessert mixes | EU Annex II Union List |
| European Union | 1.4 flavoured fermented milk products including heat-treated products | ML 4000 mg/l | only fruit-flavoured desserts | EU Food Additives Database |
| European Union | 5.2 Other confectionery including breath freshening micro-sweets | ML 1000 mg/kg | only sugar confectionery | EU Food Additives Database |
| European Union | 5.3 chewing gum | ML 2000 mg/kg | - | EU Food Additives Database |
| European Union | 5.4 Decorations, coatings and fillings, except fruit-based fillings covered by category 4.2.4 | ML 1000 mg/kg | - | EU Food Additives Database |
| European Union | 5.4 Decorations, coatings and fillings, except fruit-based fillings covered by category 4.2.4 | ML 2500 mg/kg | only fillings and toppings for fine bakery ware | EU Food Additives Database |
| European Union | 14.1.5.2 other | ML 1000 mg/l | only instant products for preparation of flavoured tea and herbal infusions | EU Food Additives Database |
| European Union | 16 Desserts excluding products covered in category 1 3 and 4 | ML 4000 mg/kg | only gel-like desserts, fruit-flavoured desserts, dry powdered dessert mixes | EU Food Additives Database |
| European Union | 14.1.4 Flavoured_drinks | ML 1000 mg/l | only instant powders for fruit-based drinks | EU Food Additives Database |
SOURCE
Codex Alimentarius
Codex GSFA
Codex GSFA Status
Codex Alimentarius GSFA permissions and maximum-use rows.
| Jurisdiction | INS / E-number | Function | Food category | Max level | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Codex | 297 | Acidity regulator | 04.2.2.7 Fermented vegetable (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera) and seaweed products, excluding fermented soybean products of food categories 06.8.6, 06.8.7, 12.9.1, 12.9.2.1 and 12.9.2.3 | GMP | Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Gochujang (CXS 294-2009). |
| Codex | 297 | Acidity regulator | 06.4.1 Fresh pastas and noodles and like products | 700 mg/kg | - |
| Codex | 297 | Acidity regulator | 06.4.2 Dried pastas and noodles and like products | GMP | For use in noodles, gluten-free pasta and pasta intended for hypoproteic diets only. |
| Codex | 297 | Acidity regulator | 09.2.2 Frozen battered fish, fish fillets, and fish products, including mollusks, crustaceans, and echinoderms | GMP | Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Quick Frozen Fish Sticks (Fish Fingers), Fish Portions and Fish Fillets – Breaded or in Batter (CODEX STAN 166-1989).; For use in... |
| Codex | 297 | Acidity regulator | 09.2.3 Frozen minced and creamed fish products, including mollusks, crustaceans, and echinoderms | GMP | For use in glaze, coatings or decorations for fruit, vegetables, meat or fish only. |
| Codex | 297 | Acidity regulator | 09.2.4 Cooked and/or fried fish and fish products, including mollusks, crustaceans, and echinoderms | GMP | - |
| Codex | 297 | Acidity regulator | 09.2.5 Smoked, dried, fermented, and/or salted fish and fish products, including mollusks, crustaceans, and echinoderms | GMP | Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Salted Atlantic Herring and Salted Sprat (CODEX STAN 244-2004).; Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Smoked Fish... |
| Codex | 297 | Acidity regulator | 12.1.2 Salt Substitutes | GMP | - |
| Codex | 297 | Acidity regulator | 14.1.5 Coffee, coffee substitutes, tea, herbal infusions, and other hot cereal and grain beverages, excluding cocoa | GMP | For use in ready-to-drink products and pre-mixes for ready-to-drink products only. |
| Codex | 297 | Acidity regulator | 14.2.3 Grape wines | GMP | The maximum level of the additive in grape wine set as Good Manufacturing Practice must not result in (i) the modification of the natural and essential characteristics of the wine... |
SOURCE
Health Canada
Health Canada Status
Health Canada food-additive permissions by functional class and food scope.
| Jurisdiction | Class | Permitted foods | Maximum level | List |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Canada | Acidity regulator | (a) Fruit wine; Wine | (a) Good Manufacturing Practice | List of Permitted Acidity Regulators and Acid-Reacting Materials |
| Canada | Acidity regulator | (b) Gelatin | (b) Good Manufacturing Practice | List of Permitted Acidity Regulators and Acid-Reacting Materials |
| Canada | Acidity regulator | (c) Unstandardized foods | (c) Good Manufacturing Practice | List of Permitted Acidity Regulators and Acid-Reacting Materials |
SOURCE
EU Commission
EU Food Contact Materials
EU FCM Substances
EU food-contact material rows and migration-limit fields.
| Jurisdiction | FCM no. | Ref no. | Substance | Use | SML | Regulation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| European Union | 249 | 17290 | fumaric acid | additive/PPA, monomer/macromolecule | - | Regulation (EU) No 10/2011, Annex I |
SOURCE
JECFA
JECFA ADI
JECFA ADI Values
JECFA ADI records and evaluation years.
| Jurisdiction | Chemical name | JECFA no. | CAS | ADI | ADI upper | Function | Evaluation year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| JECFA | FUMARIC ACID | 618 | 110-17-8 | NOT SPECIFIED (1989) | - | FLAVOURING_AGENT, ACIDITY_REGULATOR | 1999 |
SOURCE
ingredients
ghs classifications
Cross-Reference to Cosmetics / Chemicals / Pharma
Same-CAS public rows from adjacent Roots verticals where available.
SOURCE
Cross-vertical comparison
ingredients | ghs classifications
Cross-Vertical Regulatory Divergence
This substance has different regulatory treatment across food, cosmetics, and industrial use.
SOURCE
FAQPage JSON-LD
public food renderer rows
Frequently Asked Questions
Food-use, safety, ADI, and cross-vertical answers mirrored into FAQPage JSON-LD.
What is Fumaric acid used for in food?
Fumaric acid appears in food-use rows as: Acidity regulator/Antioxidant; Acidity regulator; Acidity regulator.
Is Fumaric acid / E297 safe?
This page does not assign a standalone safety verdict; it renders public regulatory evidence. ADI/reference value: ADI NOT SPECIFIED (1989) . EU status evidence: PUBLISHED. US/FDA evidence: GRAS.
What is the ADI for Fumaric acid?
Fumaric acid has this ADI/reference value in the food-safety tables: ADI NOT SPECIFIED (1989) . Source: food_substances.
Is Fumaric acid also used in cosmetics?
Fumaric acid has a same-CAS cosmetics cross-reference: Fumaric Acid, EU status permitted.